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;We
spoke earlier about good manners and how the Prophet rated them as the best
way to ensure a high position in heaven on the Day of Judgment. We are using
the term, “good manners,” as denoting universally accepted virtues, such as
forgiveness, generosity, bravery, forbearance, fidelity, looking after other
people’s interests, etc. Today, we begin a discussion of how the Prophet,
the most perfect example for people to follow, practiced what he preached
and conducted himself as required by the highest standards of good manners.
We will speak about certain aspects of his character showing that his
example is the one to follow in every respect.
The Prophet disliked hard attitudes and hard character. He believed that
there was nothing worth causing hardship or affliction to other people over.
His wife, Aisha, says of him: “God’s messenger was never offered a choice
between two alternatives over matters of this world without choosing the
easier one, unless the easier choice be sinful. In that case, he kept
furthest away from it. God’s messenger never sought revenge for himself,
unless it be something which violates what God has consecrated. In that
case, he sought to set the record straight for God’s sake.” (Related by
Al-Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawood and Malik).
Choosing the easier alternative is kinder to his followers. He thus taught
his community and his followers in all generations to prefer the easier
course in all matters. Whatever would please people and ensure their comfort
and happiness was always preferable to the Prophet. The only proviso is that
this easier option must be legitimate. If it was sinful, he would steer away
from it. That is to be expected from the Prophet who has been sent as mercy
for mankind. A sinful practice is indeed the more difficult choice, although
it may appear easy or more enjoyable. The ease and enjoyment can only be
momentary. They are, however, attended by God’s displeasure which puts
people in a very difficult position.
Moreover, the Prophet never sought vengeance for himself. Seeking vengeance
is characteristic of a hard person who finds it difficult to forgive. The
Prophet was willing to forgo any personal injury he may have suffered. But
he was unwilling to forgive the violation of God’s strict bounds. We can
easily see the distinction between the two. When it was a matter of
principle, relevant to what God has made lawful or forbidden, then the
Prophet was unwilling to sacrifice even a minor principle. He honored them
all.
Another Hadith which is of great significance is the one reported by
Abdullah ibn Massoud, who quotes the Prophet as saying: “God has apportioned
to you your characters in the same way as He has apportioned your
provisions. God gives wealth to those He loves and those He does not love,
while He does not grant faith except to those whom He loves. He who holds
money too dearly to spend it (for God’s cause) and is prevented by the fear
of the enemy from fighting and is too weary to stand up at night in worship,
should often repeat: “There is no deity except God,” and “All glory be to
God,” and “All praise be to God,” and “God is supreme”. These are the
translation of “La ilaaha illa Allah,” and “Subhana Allah,” and “Al-hamdu
lillah,” and “Allahu akbar.” (Related by Ahmad, Al-Bukhari in Al-Adab
Al-Mufrad and Al-Hakim).
The first sentence in this Hadith tells us that our characters are given to
us by God. This means that by nature we have the aptitude to follow a
certain course, or adopt a certain line. It does not mean that some of us
are created liars while others are, by their nature, truthful. We can
certainly develop our characters, taking free decisions to be, for example,
generous, forgiving, reasonable, etc. This is no different from the
apportioning of our provisions by God. It does not mean that we will get our
money whether we work for it or not. God certainly does not shower money or
provisions on us from the clouds. He facilitates for us our work and makes
our efforts successful. The more we do the greater are our earnings. People
sometimes suggest that it is better to spend time in worship than to work
for one’s living. They argue that what God has apportioned for us we will
get. That fatalistic attitude is not Islamic. God tells us to work in order
to earn our living. If we do not work, we earn nothing. The Prophet once saw
a man spending all his time in the mosque. He asked who supported him. When
he was told that it was his brother, the Prophet said that his brother was a
better worshipper than him.
The second sentence in this Hadith tells us that wealth is not that
important in the Islamic view. God gives wealth to believers and
non-believers, to those He loves and to those He does not love. So, when we
see a man who is very wealthy, his wealth does not signify that he is dearer
to God. Nor is a poor person less favored by God. The Prophet tells us: “Had
this world (and all its riches) been worth even the span of one wing of a
mosquito in God’s sight, not a glass of water would He have allowed of it to
any non-believer.” If this world and all its riches is so worthless in God’s
view, then being wealthy does not mean that one is favored or loved by God.
It is faith with which God favors those whom He loves. Faith gives a person
a good character. He earns respect in his community even by those who do not
share his faith. This is due to the fact that when one has faith, one tries
his best to behave well with others, improve his manners and adhere to noble
moral values. That is bound to earn him the love and respect of everyone.
That is true wealth which is indicative of God’s favor.
Faith places certain requirements on people. They are supposed to sacrifice
their money and their lives for God’s cause. Yet such a sacrifice does not
come so easy to all people. Man is sometimes governed by his narrow view of
this world. He finds it difficult to part with his money, even for a good
cause. He may slacken when he is called upon to join a campaign of jihad. He
may prefer to rest at night and finds it difficult to wake up in the middle
of the night in order to stand up for worship. When a person shows such
reluctance, that does not take him out of the realm of faith altogether. He
is still a believer, but his motives have not been refined enough by his
faith. The Prophet prescribes for him that he should repeat praises and
glorifications of God. By doing so, he reminds himself of his position in
this world and that he is totally dependent on God. He remembers that God
has given him so much of His grace that he should always be thankful. He may
remember that when he fulfills his duty and sacrifices his wealth and shows
his readiness to sacrifice his life, God will give him more. That may come
in this world or in the next life.
Repeating such praises of God is important, even if it does not bring about
such a change of attitude. God rewards us generously for praising and
glorifying Him. Moreover, we feel our relationship with God to be more
intimate. We know that we depend on Him for everything in our lives. We know
that His grace and bounty is so great that we cannot thank Him enough for
it, were we to spend all our time in worship. After all, our worship does
not benefit God; it benefits us only. We have a better character for it.
Then we should not hold it as a favor which we do to God. We should remember
the sacred, or qudsi, Hadith in which God tells us that if all human beings
and all jinn, in past and future generations, were so devoted and pious as
the most dedicated believer to have ever lived, they would not increase
God’s kingdom by their worship in any way. Conversely, if all of them were
as wicked as the most evil unbeliever to ever walk this planet, they would
not decrease, by their disobedience, God’s kingdom in any way. As I have
already said, our worship refines our own characters. It benefits us, and
does not benefit God in any way. It is only through God’s grace and
generosity that He rewards us for it.
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