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,];yhj;jpd; ghHitapy; FLk;gf;fl;Lg;ghL mg;Jy; `kPJ |
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gp];kpy;yh`pH u`;khdpH u`Pk; ghfk; 1
ghfk; : 2
ghfk; : 3
FLk;gf;fl;Lg;ghL gw;wpAk;> mjd; rhjdq;fs; r%fj;jpy; vt;thW kd khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;jp rKjha rPuopTf;F kf;fis ,l;Lr; nrd;W nfhz;bUf;fpwJ vd;gijAk;> mj;Jld; ,d;W vjw;fhf FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpl;lj;ij mtrpak; filgpbj;jhf Ntz;Lk; vd midtiuAk; typAWj;Jfpd;Nwhk; vd;W mjd; MjuTthjpfs; $Wk; jtwhd $w;Wf;fis rhpahd Gs;sp tpguq;fSld; Muha;tNj ,g; Gj;jfj;jpd; Nehf;fkhFk;. NkYk; ,J gw;wp ,];yhk; vd;d fUj;ijf; nfhz;Ls;sJ vd mwpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;baJ ekf;F NkYk; mtrpakhdnjhd;whf ,Uf;fpwJ. Vnddpy; ,J ekJ (<khdpy;) ek;gpf;ifapd;ghy; rk;ge;jg;gl;l xd;whf cs;sJ. mLj;J ek;ik Nehf;fp tPrg;gLk;> K];ypk;fs; Vd; FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghL nra;J nfhs;tjpy;iy vd;gd Nghd;w Nfs;tpfSf;F rhpahd gjpYk; nrhy;yf; flikg;gl;Ls;Nshk;. NkYk; ek;khy; elj;jg;gLk; khw;Wkj ez;gHfSf;fhd Nfs;tp gjpy; epfo;r;rpapy;> jtwhJ ,lk; ngWk; Nfs;tpfSs;> NkNy ehk; ghHj;j Nfs;tpAk; xd;whf ,Ug;gjhy; ehk; mjw;fhd KOikahd gjpiyj; jahH nra;a Ntz;baJ mtrpakhfpwJ. NkYk;> ekJ rNfhjuHfs; mjw;fhd gjpiy ,];yhkpaf; fz;Nzhl;lj;Jld;> XusT Gs;sp tpguq;fSld; tpsf;fk; mspj;jhYk;> KOikahd gjpy; ,d;Dk; ekf;Ff; fpilf;ftpy;iy vd;gij; jhd; mtHfsJ gjpypy; ,Ue;J ehd; czHe;Njd;. ,jw;fhd rhpahd tpsf;f E}y;fs; jkpopy; ,y;yhjJk; xU Fiwahf ,Uf;fyhk;. NkYk;> jkpopy; rNfhjuH K`k;kJ Ki`jPd; cytp mtHfshy; ntspaplg;gl;l FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghL vDk; E}iyj; jtpHj;J NtW E}y;fs; ,Ug;gjhf ehd; mwpa Kbatpy;iy. ,jw;fhd gjpiy rhpahd tbtpy; ehk; Vd; jahhpf;ff; $lhJ vd;w ce;Jjypd; Nghpy; vd;dhy; Kbe;jsT ,e;j Gj;jfj;jpw;fhd Mjhuq;fisj; jpul;bj; je;jpUf;fpd;Nwd;. NkYk;> ,jw;fhd Mjhuj; Njlypy;> mwpQH ngUe;jif mGy; m/yh nksJ}jp (u`;) mtHfshy; vOjg;gl;L Mq;fpyj;jpy; nkhopahf;fk; nra;ag;gl;L ntspte;Js;s (BIRTH CONTROL) vd;w E}Yk;> njd; Mg;ghpf;fhitr; NrHe;J rNfhjuH mGy; go;y; nkh`;rpd; ,g;wh`pk; mtHfs; vOjpa Abortion Birth Control & Surrogate Parenting An Islamic Perspective – Abul Fadl Mohsim Ebrahim vd;w E}Yk; rNfhjuH K`k;kJ Ki`jPd; cytp mtHfs; vOjpa FLk;gf;fl;Lg;ghL vd;w E}Yk;> vd; Gj;jf Mjhuj; jpul;lYf;F NgUjtp Ghpe;jd. NkYk;> mGy; m/yh nksJ}jp (u`;) mtHfSila E}ypy; cs;s Gs;sp tpguq;fs; gioadthf ,Ue;jjhy;> mJ vd; gzpia KOikailar; nra;ahJ vd czHe;Njd;. ,J gw;wp vdJ ez;gH N\f; ,g;wh`Pk; A+Rg; mtHfsplk; fye;J MNyhrid nra;j NghJ> gphpl;lhdpah fiyf;fsQ;rpak; kw;Wk; cyf ml;y]; kw;Wk; nra;jpj; jfty;fs; %yk; ngwyhk; vd;w Nahridiaj; njhptpj;J> ehd; Nfl;l Gs;sp tpguq;fis mtUk;> vq;fsJ ez;gH nra;aj; `]d; fdp mtHfSk; rpukk; ghuhJ Nrfhpj;Jf; nfhLj;jhHfs;. NkYk; ,e;j E}y; `p[;hp 15-08-1418 vOjp Kbf;fg;gl;L tpl;lJ. gy fhuzq;fshy; ntspapl Kbahky; ,Ue;j ,e;E}y;> fle;j xU tUlkhf jkpo; ,izakhd jkpo;,];yhk; (www.a1realism.com) ,izaj;jpy; njhluhf ntspte;J nfhz;bUe;jJ vd;gijAk; epidtpy; nfhs;f. vdNt rpy Gs;sp tpguq;fs; rw;W gioajhf khwp tpl;lnjd;gJ jtpHf;f ,ayhjjhfp tpl;lJ. NkYk; ,g;gzpia vd; %yk; ,iwtd; ehbaikf;F ehd; vd;d ed;wpf;fld; nra;jhYk; mJ <lhfhJ. ,iwtd; ,jd; %yk; ey;y gy tpisTfis ek;kpYk;> khw;Wkj ez;gHfsplKk; Vw;gLj;Jthdhf vdj; JMr; nra;J nfhs;Nthkhf! MkPd;!! NkYk;> ,g;Gj;jfk; cUthf gy tiffspYk; vdf;F cjtpahf ,Ue;jtHfs; midtUf;Fk; vdJ ed;wpiaj; njhptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd;. ,iwtd; ,jw;fhd ew;$ypia mtHfSf;F toq;fpl Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; gpuhHj;jpf;fpd;Nwd;. NkYk; gbf;Fk; thrfHfs; jq;fsJ Nkyhf fUj;Jf;fis njhptpg;gNjhL> jq;fsJ Nkyhd MNyhridfs; kw;Wk; Gjpa jfty;fisj; je;jhy; ,dptUk; ntspaPLfspy; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. ,iwth! ,jpy; cs;s epiwfis Vw;Wf; nfhz;L> Fiwfis kd;dpg;ghahf! ,J Nghy rKjhag; gzpapy; vd;Wk; vd;id epiyg;gLj;jp> Neuhd topapd;ghy; nry;yf; $ba ew;ghf;fpaj;ij vdf;Fk;> vq;fs; midtNthHf;Fk; toq;Fthahf! cd;idNa ek;Gfpd;Nwhk;! cd;dplNk cjtpAk; NjLfpd;Nwhk;. mg;Jy; `kPJ 18-08-1423 (23-10-2002)
ghfk; 1 FLk;gf;fl;Lg;ghL XH kdpj ,dr;rPuopT 1. FLk;gf;fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpl;lj;jpd; Njhw;wk; %y fhuzfHj;jhf;fs; : khy;j;j]; (MALTHUS) :FLk;gf;fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpl;lj;ij mNefkhf cyFf;F Kjd;Kjypy; mwpKfg;gLj;jpatH> nutnuz;l; jhk]; uhgHl; khy;j;j]; vd;gtuhthH. ,tH Mq;fpypfd; nrhirl;b vd;w fpwp];Jt rigapd; ghjphpahUk;> nghUshjhu mwpQUk; MthH. 1798 y; mtH ntspapl;l> kf;fs; njhifapd; mbg;gilf; nfhs;iffSk;> tUq;fhy re;jjpfspd; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpy; mJ Vw;gLj;Jk; tpisTfSk; (On Principles of Population as It Affects The Future Improvement of Society) vd;w E}y; jhd; kf;fs; njhifg; ngUf;fj;ijf; fl;Lg;gLj;j FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghL mtrpak; vd;w kdepiyia kf;fs; kdjpy; Vw;gLj;jpaJ. Mdhy; mtH vOjpa ,e;E}ypy; kf;fs; njhifiaf; fl;Lg;gLj;j FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;L rhjdq;fs; kw;Wk; kUe;Jfis cgNahfg;gLj;jr; nrhy;yp mwpTWj;jtpy;iy. khwhf> tsHe;J tUk; kf;fs; njhifiaf; fl;Lg;gLj;j jpUkzk; nra;J nfhs;tijj; jhkjg;gLj;JjiyAk;> Raf;fl;Lg;ghl;L Kiwia NgZtijAk; mtrpak; vd;gij typAWj;jp ,Ue;jhH. ,jd; %yk; Foe;ij gpwg;gij jhkjg;gLj;jp> mjd; %yk; tsUk; kf;fs; njhifiaf; fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk; vd;w nfhs;ifia Kd; itj;jhH. NkYk;> ,tuJ E}y; lhHtpd; Nghd;w ghpzhktpay; mwpQHfspd; ,aw;ifj; NjHT vd;w Nfhl;ghl;il cUthf;f J}z;LnfhyhfTk; mike;jJ. Vnddpy;> khy;j;j]; jk; E}ypy;> ,aw;ifahfNt czTg; gw;whf;FisAk;> Neha;fSk; kdpj ,dj;jpd; ngUf;fj;ij fl;Lg;gLj;jpNa te;jpUf;fpd;wJ vd;gijj; jk; E}ypy; Fwpg;gpl;L ,Ue;jhH. NkYk;> khy;j;j]; jk; E}ypy;> G+kpapd; trpg;gplkhdJ xU Fwpg;gpl;l msNt cs;sJ. ,d;iwa kf;fs; njhifg; ngUf;fj;jpd; msT 1>2>4>8>16>32>64.. .. vd;w mstpYk;> czTg; ngUf;fj;jpd; msT 1>2>3>4>5>.. .. vd;w mstpYk; nrd;W nfhz;bUg;gjhy; ,d;Dk; rpy E}w;whz;Lfspy; kf;fs; trpg;gplk; ,d;wpAk;> czTg; gw;whf;FiwapdhYk; rpukg;gl NehpLk; vDk; fUj;ij vLj;J itj;jhH. Nkw;fz;l khy;j;j]pd; $w;W jtW vd;gij Rl;bf; fhl;b> cz;ikiz ntspr;rj;Jf;F nfhz;L tUtNj ,e;j E}ypd; Nehf;fkhFk;.
gpuhd;rp]; : khy;j;j]pw;Fg; gpd; te;j ,tH gpuhd;]; ehl;ilr; NrHe;jtH. ,tH khy;j;j]; d; fUj;ij typAWj;jpaNjhly;yhky;> kf;fs; njhifg; ngUf;fj;ijf; Fiwf;F khy;j;j]; d; Nfhl;ghlhd Raf; fl;Lg;ghL> jpUkzj;ijj; jhkjpj;jy; Nghd;wtw;iw tpl;L tpl;L mjw;Fg; gjpyhf> fUj;jilr; rhjdq;fis cgNahfpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;whH.
lhf;lH. rhHy]; nesy;ld; 1833 y; mnkhpf;fhitr; NrHe;j lhf;lH.rhHy]; nesy;ld;> gpuhd;rp]; d; fUj;ij Mjhpj;jhH. ,tH vOjpa E}yhd The Fruits of Philosophy - jhd; mNefkhf fUj;jil gw;wp ntspte;j Kjy; Gj;jfkhFk;. ,e;j E}ypy; FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;bd; mtrpaj;jpy;> fUj;jil rhjdq;fspd; gq;Fk; mjd; kUj;Jt Nehf;Fk; typAWj;jg;gl;bUe;jJ.
2. khy;j;j]pd; nfhs;if - Muk;gNk Njhy;tp kak; khy;j;j]pd; nfhs;ifahdJ mjd; Muk;g fhyj;jpNyNa Nkw;Fyfpduhy; xJf;fpj; js;sg;gl;lJk; my;yhky;> mtuJ nfhs;if ngha;ahdJ vdTk; ep&gzkhdJ. kf;fs; njhif vt;tsT tsHe;jNjh me;jsT ,aw;ifapd; gq;fspg;Gk;> ,iwtd; kdpjd; kPj nrYj;jpa mtdJ mUl;nfhilapd; %yk; czT cw;gj;jpAk; $bNa te;Js;sJ. ,aw;ifahfNt G+kp jd; kbapy; itj;jpUf;Fk; nghf;fp\j;jpd; jd;ikia mwpa Kbahky; ,tHfSk; rlthjk;> ,tHfsJ fz;izNa kiwj;J tpl;lJ vd;gjpy; Mr;rhpak; xd;Wk; ,y;iy. NkYk;> kf;fs; njhif ngUfg; ngUf czT cw;gj;jpAk;> mJ rhHe;j njhopy; tsHr;rpAk;> GJg;GJ tpQ;Qhdf; fz;Lgpbg;GfSk;> tsHe;J tUfpd;w kf;fs; njhifapd; Njitfis epiwT nra;Ak; mstpy; tsHe;jNj xopa> khy;j;j]pd; nfhs;ifg; gpufhuk;> kf;fs; njhif ngUg; ngUf> me;jg; ngUf;fk; fhuzkhf kl;Lk; ahUk; gl;bdp fplf;ftpy;iy. NkYk; ,d;W tiu ,lg;gw;whf;FiwAk; Vw;gltpy;iy. mjhtJ> khy;j;j]; tho;e;j fhykhd 1780 y; gphpl;ldpd; kf;fs; njhif 8 kpy;ypad; kl;LNk. Mdhy; fle;j ,uz;L E}w;whz;Lfshf gphpl;ldpy; Vw;gl;l kf;fs; tsHr;rp> mq;F ve;jtpj mnrsfhpaq;fisAk; Vw;gLj;jtpy;iy.
gphpl;ldpd; kf;fs; njhif tsHr;rp : Mz;L kf;fs; njhif - kpy;ypadpy; 1815 - 18.5 1911 - 45.2 1996 - 58 1997 - 65 khy;j;j]pd; $w;Wg;gb 1780 Kjy; 1977 tiu 8 kpy;ypadpypUe;J 65 kpy;ypadhf gphpl;ldpd; kf;fs; njhif caHe;Jk;> mq;f ahUk; kf;fs; njhif tshr;rp fhuzkhf Vw;gl;l Nghl;bapy; gl;bdp fple;J nrj;jjhfNth my;yJ ,lg;gw;whf;Fiw fhuzkhf %r;R Kl;b ,we;jjhfNth ek;khy; ,Jtiu mwpa Kbatpy;iy. Mdhy;> mjw;F khwhf> cyfpd; Kjy; ju trjpfisg; ngw;wpUg;;gNjhL. jdp egH tUkhdk; kw;w ehLfisf; fhl;bYk; cr;rj;jpy; ,Ug;gNj khy;j;j]pd; nfhs;if jtwhdJ vd;gij ep&gpf;fpd;wJ. NkYk;> ,e;j tsHe;j ehLfs; jq;fsJ jtwhd rpj;jhe;jq;fs; %yKk; mjD}Nl FLk;gf; fl;Lghl;Lj; jpl;lKk;> mjw;fhff; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l rhjdq;fSk;> mjD}Nl kf;fsplk; Vw;gl;l r%f khw;wKk;> FLk;g mikg;G rpwpaJk;> ,itfs; Vw;gLj;jpa jhf;fq;fs; jhd; (me;j r%fj;ij) kdpj ,dj;ij mopTg; ghijf;F ,l;Lr; nrhd;dJ vdyhk;.
3. FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghL mjpNtfkhfg; gutpajd; fhuzpfs; FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj;jpl;lk; ntw;wp ngw khy;j;j]; nfhz;L te;j kf;fs; njhiff; fl;Lg;ghl;bd; nghUshjhuf; nfhs;if kl;Lk; fhuzky;y. khwhf> mtuJ nfhs;ifia Mjhpj;j> mtuJ nfhs;ifapd;ghy; <Hf;fg;gl;ltHfNs khy;j;j]; - d; nfhs;ifia nray;ghl;Lf;Ff; nfhz;L te;jtHfs;. NkYk;> ,j; jpl;lk; ntw;wpfukhd xd;W> eilKiwg;gLj;j Ntz;ba xd;W vd;w epiyia Vw;gLj;jpajw;F ,d;Dk; rpy fhuzpfs; J}z;L Nfhyhf mike;jd. mjhtJ> Inuhg;gpa kw;Wk; mnkhpf;f ehLfspy; Vw;gl;l njhopw;Gul;rp kw;Wk; nghUshjhuf; nfhs;ifia kl;LNk tho;f;ifapd; mbg;gil newpahff; nfhz;L Kjyhspj;Jt kw;Wk; fk;A+dp] nfhs;iffspd; vOr;rpAk;> EfH nghUs; fyhr;rhuk;> ehfhPf Nkhfk;> nrf;]; Mfpait jhd; tho;tpd; gpujhdk; vd;w rKjha tho;Tk;> FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpl;lk; mtrpak; jhd; vd;w Fuiy vOg;gpaJ. ,aw;ifahfNt xU r%fj;jpd; mikg;G kw;Wk; nghUshjhuk; vd;gJ> kdpj ,dj;jpd; Mz;> ngz; vd;w ,U gphptpdhpilNa gy;NtW njhlHGfisf; nfhz;ljha; mike;J ,Uf;fpd;wJ. kdpjdpd; Muk;g fhyj;jpy;> ,U ghyUNk czT Nghd;w NjitfSf;F rk gq;fspg;Gr; nrajdH. mg;Nghija gy;NtW r%fq;fspy; khdpl rkj;Jtk; Mz;> ngz; tpj;jpahrk; ghuhky; Ngzg;gl;lJ. mjd; gpd; te;j epyg;gpuGj;Jtr; rKjhaj;jpy;> tsHr;rp vd;gJ mtHfsJ nrhj;jpd; ghy; njhlHGilajha; mike;jJ. ,e;j mbg;gilapd; tpjpg;gb> ngz;fSk; nrhj;Jf;fshff; fUjg;gl;L> mtHfspd; chpikfspd; epiy jho;e;Jk;> mtHfsJ eltbf;iffs; kpFe;j fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fs; nfhz;L tug;gl;lJ. Nkw;fz;l fl;Lg;ghLfis Kjyhspj;Jtk; rhHe;j njhopy; Kiw rKjhak; tsHj;Jk; ghJfhj;Jk; te;jJ. ,r; r%fk;> tPl;bYk; rhp> ntspapYk; rhp ngz;fis jho;e;j epiyapy; jhd; itj;jpUe;jJ. NkYk;> 20 k; E}w;whz;bYk;> ,uz;L cyfg; NghUf;Fg; gpd;Dk; Nkw;fj;jpa njhopy;Kiw rKjhaj;jpy; caHgbg;G (White color) nfhz;l r%fk; kw;Wk; njhopy; epGzHfSf;Fk; Vw;gl;l gw;whf;Fiwia eptHj;jp nra;Ak; nghUl;L> ,J tiu tPl;Lf;Fs;NsNa ,Ue;J FLk;gg; guhkhpg;G> Foe;ij tsHg;G Nghd;wtw;wpy; <Lgl;bUe;j ngz;fis> tPl;Lf;F ntspNa mioj;J te;J> njhopw;rhiyfspYk;> mYtyfq;fspYk; ngz;fspd; gq;if mjpfkhf;fpd. kdpj ,d mwptpay; kw;Wk; Ma;T KbTfspd;gb> tPl;Lf;F ntspNa MZk; ngz;Zk; fye;J jq;fis <LgLj;jpf; nfhz;l NghJ jhd;> ghypay; tptfhuq;fspy; kpfg; ngUk; jsHr;rpiaAk;> jhusg; Nghf;ifAk; Vw;gLj;jp> ngz;fspd; rPuoptpy; - ghypay; rkj;Jtk; vd;w Nghypj; Njhw;wj;ij cUthf;fpaJ. ,ijNah NguhrphpaH rphpy; N[hl; mtHfSk;> ngz;fs; jq;fs; Foe;ijfisAk;> tPl;L NtiyfisAk; ftdpj;Jf; nfhz;L tPl;bNyNa mlq;fpf; fple;jhy;> tho;f;ifj; juk; rpwpjsT ghjpf;fg;gl;l NghjpYk; $l cyfk; xU kfpo;r;rpfukhd ,lkhf tpsq;Fk; vd;gNj vdJ ek;gpf;if vd;whH. ,dp Gjpa njhopy;Kiwg; nghUshjhuKk;> mjd; nfhs;iffSk; Nkw;Fyfpd; r%f tho;it vt;thW rPuopj;jJ vd;gijAk;> mjpy; FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpl;lKk; mjd; rhjdq;fSk; vt;thW gq;fhw;wpd vd;gijAk; ,dp thpthff; fhz;Nghk;.
4. njhopw;Gul;rp Vw;gLj;jpa r%f khw;wk; Gjpjhff; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l ,ae;jpuq;fs; Inuhg;ghtpy; GjpanjhU njhopy;Kiw nghUshjhuj;ij cUthf;fpaJ. ,jd; %yk; ngUk; ngUk; Miyfs; cUthf;fg;gl;ld. kf;fs; jhq;fs; Ntiytha;g;Gg; ngwTk;> Gjpjhfj; Njhd;wpAs;s EfHnghUs; fyhr;rhuj;jpy; jhq;fSk; ,izaTk;> jhq;fs; ,Jtiu tho;e;j fpuhkk; mjd; rhHG #o;epiyfs;> gof;ftof;fq;fs; Nghd;wtw;iw cjwpj;js;sp tpl;L efuq;fis Nehf;fp FbNghf Muk;gpj;jhHfs;. ,Jtiu jhq;fs; fl;bf; fhj;J te;j kuG topg;gof;ftof;fq;fs; xOf;fq;fs;> FLk;gg; ghuk;ghpaq;fs; Mfpa midj;ijAk; ,oe;J gzk; gz;zpdhy; NghJk; vd;w epiy mtHfspy; cUthfpaJ. mj;Jld; efuq;fspy; Vw;gl;l ,lneUf;fb fhuzkhf Vw;gl;l> caHe;J tpl;l tPl;L thlifAk;> NkYk; jhd; rk;ghjpj;jijf; nfhz;L jd; trjpiag; ngUf;fpf; nfhz;lhy; NghJkhdJ vd;w Raeyf; nfhs;ifapd; fhuzkhf jha; gps;isfisAk;> jfg;gd; FLk;gj;ijAk;> ghukhdnjhU tprakhff; fUjj;jiyg;gl;l NghJ> FLk;g mikg;G me;j r%fj;jpy; Kjd;Kjyhfr; rPHFiya Muk;gpj;jJ. mjd;%yk; Mz; jpUkzkpd;wp jd; tho;f;ifiaAk;> ngz; jpUkzk; nra;ahkYk;> jpUkzk; nra;jhYk; gps;is ngw;Wf; nfhs;shky; ,Uf;fTk;> thoj;jiyg;gl;ldH. ,Wjpapy; jpUkzk; ,d;wp thOk; Mz; jdJ cly; Rfj;ijj; jPHf;f tpiykhjHfis ehl Ntz;ba epiy. tpiykhJNth vspjpy; fHg;gk; jhpf;fhky; ,Uf;f FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghL rhjdq;fis ehlNtz;ba epiy. ,g;gbahf vjw;fhfNth fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l FLk;gf; fl;Lghl;Lr; rhjdq;fs; xU jPa topKiwfSf;fhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ** vd;gJ jhd;> Kjd; Kjyhf kdpj rKjhaj;jpy;> ,e;jf; FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghLk; mjd; Jiz rhjdq;fSk; Vw;gLj;jpa khngUk; rPuopthFk;. **,d;iwa ek; ,e;jpahtpy; - tpgr;rhhpaplk; nry;Yk; NghJ> MZiw mzpe;J nry;YkhW> muRfs; tpsk;guk; nra;fpd;wd. FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;L rhjdkhd> rhjdkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;ba MZiw> ,d;W tpgr;rhuj;ij tsHf;fTk; mjd; %yk; Vw;gLk; va;l;]; Nehiaj; jLf;fTk; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ. NkYk; FLk;gg; gpd;dzapy; thOk; kf;fs;> jq;fsJ FLk;gj;ij jhq;fs; thOk; ,lj;jpy; Vw;gl;l Nghl;b fhuzkhf mtw;iwr; rkhspf;fTk; - mjw;fhf jq;fsJ FLk;g cWg;gpdHfspd; vz;zpf;ifia kl;Lg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;sTk; - Fwpg;ghf Foe;ijg; Ngw;iwj; jLj;Jf; nfhs;sTk; FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lr; rhjdq;fisg; gad;gLj;j Muk;gpj;jhHfs;. NkYk;> Mzpd; kPJ Vw;wg;gl;l mjpfkhd nghUshjhur; Rik> ,tHfshfNt typa Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;l EfHnghUs; fyhr;rhuk; Nghd;wit xU FLk;gj;jpy; MzpDila tUkhdk; kl;Lk; NghjhJ vd;w epiyia Vw;gLj;jp> mtw;iwr; rkhspf;f ngz;izAk; gzk; rk;ghjpf;Fk; #oYf;F cl;gLj;j Ntz;ba fl;lhak; Vw;gl;lJ. FLk;gj;ijAk; gps;isfisAk; ftdpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j ngz;iz rk;ghjpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w nghUshjhuk; vd;w xd;iw kl;LNk Nehf;fkhff; nfhz;l epiyapy;> mtis tPl;bypUe;J ntspNaw;wp> tPjpf;F ,Oj;J te;J mtsJ ngz;ikiar; rPuopj;jJ. mYtyfq;fspYk;> njhopw;rhiyfspYk;> tpkhdg; gzpg; ngz;zhfTk;> uhZtj;jpYk; Ntiyapy; mkHe;j ngz; Mz;fSld; rhpepfH rkkhf Ntiy ghHf;f Ntz;ba epiy Vw;gl;lJ. NkYk;> jhd; ngw;w Ntiyiaj; jf;f itj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;> jd;Dld; gzpGhpAk; Mzhy; ghypay; ghyhj;fhuk; Vw;gl;lhYk;> mijr; rkhspj;Jr; nry;y Ntz;ba epiy Vw;gl;lJ. ngz;zpd; Nky; Vw;wg;gl;l nghUshjuhr; Rik> kfg; Ngw;Wf;Fg; gpd; Foe;ijf;Fg; ghY}l;l Ntz;ba mtrpak;> Foe;ijg; ghuhkhpg;G Nghd;wtw;wpw;fhf ePz;l tpLKiw vLf;f Ntz;ba epH;g;ge;j epiy Vw;gl;lJ. NkYk;> mjpYk; Fwpg;ghf ngz;fspd; moF xd;iwNa KjyPlhf ,l;L> Ntiyapy; mkHj;jg;gLk; mYtyf tuNtw;ghsH> tpkhdg; gzpg; ngz;> me;juq;fr; nrayhsH> Nghd;wtw;wpy; kfg;NgW xd;Nw mtHfsJ Ntiyia ,of;Fk; fhuzpfshf mike;J tpLtjhy;> ngz;fspd; ngz;ikiaAk; jhKk; jhahf Ntz;Lk; vd;w czHr;rpiaAk; ,aw;ifapNyNa mtHfSf;F cs;s ghypay; MirfisAk; $l kOq;fbf;fr; nra;J tpLfpd;wJ. ** mg;gbNa jpUkzk; MdhYk;> fHg;gk; jhpf;fhky; ,Uf;f khj;jpiufs; kw;Wk; fUj;jilr; rhjdq;fis cgNahfpf;f Muk;gpj;J tpLtjhy;> ngz;zpd; kdepiyapYk;> cly;epiyapYk; khw;wk; Vw;gl;L> gpd;dhspy; mtis ngUk; ghjpg;Gf;fSf;F ,l;Lr; nrd;W tpLfpd;wJ. **ngz;fspd; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpy; ,Jtiu Vw;gl;l Gwf;fzpg;Gfs; ePq;fp> ngz;fsplk; jw;nghOJ mjpf jd;dk;gpf;if fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jd; %yk; ,e;jpag; ngz;fs;> Rakhf fk;ngdpfis epHtfpg;gtHfshfTk;> Vd; tq;fpfisf; $l epHtfpf;Fk; msTf;F caHe;J cs;shHfs;. NkYk;> njhopy; ts efuhd ngq;f@hpy; Foe;ijg; gpwg;G tpfpjk; Fiwe;Js;sJ. Vnddpy;> ,sk; fk;g;A+l;lH Ntiy kw;Wk; mYtyfq;fspy; Ntiy nra;Ak; ngz;fs; Foe;ij ngw;Wf; nfhs;tijAk;> tPl;Lg; nghWg;Gf;fisAk; fhl;bYk; jq;fsJ njhopYf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLg;gJ jhd;. (Arab News Daily / Riyadh – India at Second Turning Point – Features Column – Sat, Aug, 16 – 1997) ,e;jpahTk;> FLk;gf; fl;Lghl;Lj; jpl;lj;jpd; gpd; tpisTfshy; fLikahd rPuopTfis re;jpf;Fk; fhyk; ntF njhiyT ,y;iy. me;je;j jiyg;GfspD}Nl ,e;jpa epiyAk;> mjdhy; Vw;gl;l tUk; rPHNfLfisAk; ,q;Nf Rl;bf; fhl;bNa cs;Nshk;.
1. r%fr; rkepiyr; rPHNfL : gphpl;ldpd; Njrpa gpwg;G tpfpj fzf;nfLg;G Mizak; elj;jpa Ma;tpy;> FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpl;lk; - rKjhar; rkepiyapy; Vfg;gl;l khw;wq;fisr; nra;J> rkepiy tpfpjj;ij rPHnfLj;Jf; nfhz;bUg;gij czHe;jdH. NkYk;> FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lr; rhjdq;fis cgNahfpg;gjpy; Nky; jl;L tHf;fKk;> eLj;ju tHf;fKk; Kd;dzpapy; ,Uf;ff; fz;lhHfs;. mLj;J> fPo;j;jl;L kf;fsplj;Nj FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lr; rhjdq;fis cgNahfpg;gtHfspd; vz;zpf;if kpfTk; Fiwthd epiyapy; ,Ug;gij fz;Lgpbj;jdH. ,e;jf; fPo;j;jl;L kf;fsplk; mjpf trjpAk; ,y;iy. mitfis miltjw;F msT fle;j MirfisAk; mtHfs; tsHj;Jf; nfhs;stpy;iy. NkYk;> Mz;fs; rk;ghjpf;fTk;> ciof;fTk; ngz;fs; tPl;Lg; nghWg;Gf;fisf; ftdpj;Jf; nfhz;Lk;> gioa ehfhPf gz;ghl;bd;gb tho;e;Jk; te;jdH. ,e;j fPo;j;jl;L kf;fsplk; trjpapd;ikAk;> Nghjh tUkhdKk;> FbapUf;fg; NghJkhd ,ltrjpapd;ikAk; Nghd;w gpur;idfs; ,Ue;jhYk;> mtHfs; FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;L rhjdq;fis ehltpy;iy. jk; nghUshjuhj;ij Nkk;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s FLk;gj;jpy; gps;isfspd; vz;zpf;ifia mtHfs; Fiwj;Jf; nfhs;s Kd;tuTkpy;iy. ,jd; fhuzkhf ,e;j fPo;j;jl;L kf;fspilNa Foe;ijg; gpwg;G tpfpjk; mjpfhpj;Jk;> mNj epiyapy; Nky;jl;L tHf;fk;> mjpfg; gps;isfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tij ehfhPfkw;w nray; vdf; fUjpAk; te;jjhy; mtHfsplk; Foe;ijg; NgW tpfpjk; Fiwe;J fhzg;gl;lJ. mnkhpf;fhtpd; kf;fs; njhiff; fzf;nfLg;ghsuhf ,Ue;j NguhrphpaH thud; v];.jhk;]d; vd;gtH> gphpl;ld;> mnkhpf;fh> n[Hkdp> gpuhd;];> kw;Wk; RtPld; Mfpa ehLfspy; kf;fs; njhifia mtHfspd; njhopy;fspd; mbg;gilapy; gFj;jha;e;J> fPo;f;fz;l KbTf;F te;jhH. mjhtJ> kf;fs; njhifia> $yp Ntiy nra;gtHshfTk;> mYtyf CopaHfshfTk; ghpj;J> mtHfspilNa cs;s Foe;ijg; Ngw;wpd; msitf; fzf;nfLj;jjpy;> mYtyf CopaHfis tpl> njhopyhsHfsplk; my;yJ $yp Ntiy nra;gtHfsplk; Foe;ijg; gpwg;G tpfpjk; mjpfkhf ,Ue;jJ. mLj;J iftpidf; fiyQHfs;> tptrhapfs; vdg; gphpj;J Ma;T nra;jjpy;> tptrhapfsplk; mjpff; Foe;ijg; gpwg;G tpfpjk; ,Ug;gijf; fz;lwpe;jhH. ,tHfspilNa fy;tpiaj; juk; gphpf;Fk; msT Nfhyhff; nfhz;L ghHj;jjpy;> mjpfk; Foe;ijg; NgW cs;stHfsplk; fy;tpAk;> Foe;ijfisg; gs;spf; $lk; mDg;GtJk; Fiwe;J fhzg;gl;lJ. ,jd; %yk; nts;isf; fhyH tHf;fk;> mjhtJ caH kl;lk; - fy;tpj; jFjpiaf; nfhz;ltHfspd; vz;zpf;if FiwthfTk;> fy;tpj; jFjp Fiwthfg; ngw;w r%fk; msTf;F mjpfkhfTk; fhzg;gLtJ vd;gJ r%fj;jpy; jpwDs;s fy;tpawpTs;s jiyikia> FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpl;lk; fzprkhd msT rpWfr; rpWf Fiwj;Nj te;Js;sJ vd;gijf; fz;lwpe;jdH. caHe;j fy;tpj; jFjpiaf; nfhz;l r%fk; mjpfk; gps;is ngWtij mrpq;fkhfTk;> ehfhPfkw;w nrayhfTk; fUjp> jkJ gps;isg; Ngw;iwf; Fiwj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;b> FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;L Kiwiag; gpd;gw;wpaNjahFk;. NkYk;> kuG topahff; flj;jg;gLk;> ghuk;ghpaf; Fzhjpraq;fis Foe;ijg; gpwg;igf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jd; %yk; ey;y jiyik cUthf Ntz;ba r%fj;jpy;> fy;tpawptw;w jiyik cUthf VJthfpd;wJ. ,j;jifa r%f mikg;igf; nfhz;l r%fKk; ehLk; rpWfr; rpWf> jpwikaw;w jiyik %yk; jk; Gfio ,of;f Nehplyhk; vd;w vr;rhpf;ifia ,e;j NkiyehLfs; kpfr; jhkjkhf czuj; jiyg;gl;ldH.
2. nghWg;gw;w Nky;jl;L tHf;fk; FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpl;lj;ij mjpfk; filgpbf;Fk; caHe;j> eLj;ju tHf;fk; ve;jsT jhk; r%fj;jpw;F Mw;w Ntz;ba flikapypUe;J xJq;fp nghWg;gw;w epiyapy; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gijf; fhz;Nghk;. gbj;j> gz trjp cs;s ,e;j caHe;j tHf;fk; jhd; tUq;fhy jk; re;jjpapdUf;F rPuhd caH fy;tpiaAk;> mjw;fhFk; nrytpdq;fisr; rhptur; nra;a ,ayf; $ba r%fkhFk;. Vnddpy; ,d;W eLj;ju kw;Wk; fPo;jl;L kf;fshy; jq;fs; gps;isfSf;F caH fy;tp ngw;Wf; nfhLf;ff; $ba nghUshjhu trfpNah my;yJ jk; kf;fisg; gapw;Wtpf;ff; $ba msTf;F fy;tp mwpitNahkpfTk; Fiwe;j mstpNyNa ngw;Ws;sdH. mg;gbNa fy;tp mwpitg; ngw;wpUe;jhYk;> jkJnjhopy; tpahghuj;jpy; gs;sp nry;Yk; gps;isfis <LgLj;j Ntz;ba nghUshjhuk; rhHe;j epHg;ge;j epiyapYk; eLj;ju kw;Wk; fPo;kl;l tHf;fk; cs;sJ vd;gJ ek; ehl;ilg; nghWj;jtiu epjHrkhd cz;ikahFk;. Mf gz trjp> fy;tpawpT cl;gl midj;J trjpfisAk;> tha;g;GfisAk; ngw;w Nky;jl;L kf;fs; jq;fs; koiyfspd; vz;zpf;ifia mjpkhf;fp> ey;ynjhU caHe;j fy;tpawpitg; ngw;w r%fj;ij cUthf;f Ntz;ba epiyapypUe;J jtwp jk; r%fg; nghWg;igj; jl;bf; fopj;Nj te;J nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. NkYk;> ,e;j caH tHf;fj;jpy; ehfhPfk; vd;w NghHitapy; rq;fk;> fpsg; vd;w me;j];J vDk; NghijAzHT fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,r; r%fj;jpy; jhAk;> je;ijAk; r%f me;j];J Ntz;b gps;isfis Mahtplk; xg;gilj;J tpl;L> rq;fk;> fpsg; vdr; nrd;W> FLk;gg; nghWg;ig kwe;j epiyapYk; Foe;ijg; ghukhhpg;G mw;w epiyapYk;> jk; gps;isfs; tsuf; fhuzkhfp tpLfpd;wdH. ,jd; %yk; jhad;G> fy;tp nfhz;L rPuhl;lg;gl Ntz;ba tajpy; mJ fpilf;fhj NghJ> mf; Foe;ijfsplk; kd ,Wf;fk; cz;lhfp ,d;W Nghij> kJ> tpgr;rhuk;> nfhiy Nghd;w nfhba Fw;wq;fspy; mjpfk; <LgLtJ> ,g;gb Nfl;ghuw;W tplg;gl;l FLk;gg; guhkhpg;G ,y;yhj Foe;ijfs; jhk; vd;gJ Muha;r;rp KbT. mjpYk; ,e;j Nky;kl;lj;Jg; gps;isfsplk; mjpfk; gzk; Goq;FtJk;> ,sk; tajpy; mtw;iw vg;gb nryT nra;tJ vd;w tif njhpahky; mtw;iwj; jPa topapy; nrytpl;L jq;fis mopj;Jk; nfhs;fpwhHfs;.
3. mnkhpf;fhtpy; ,sk; Fw;wthspfs; cUthff; fhuzk; mnkhpf;fhtpy; ehs;NjhWk; ,sk; Fw;wthspfs; mjpfkhfpf; nfhz;Nl tUfpwhHfs;. 1970 y; 54>596 Mf ,Uw;j msT 1992 y; 1>04>137 Mf> ,uz;L klq;F $bAs;sJ. ,isQHfspd; vz;zpf;if Fiwthf cs;s r%fj;jpy;> nfhiyapd; msT 92 rjtPjk; $bAs;sJ. ve;j xU rf;jp ,t;tsT ,sk; Fw;wthspfis Vw;gLj;jpaJ? vd Ma;T nra;jjpy;> r%fj;jpy; FLk;g mikg;G Kiw rhpe;jJk;> mjdhy; r%ff; fl;Lg;ghL rpjwpaJk; fhuzkhFk; vd;w cz;ikiaf; fz;lwpe;Js;sdH. xOq;fhd FLk;g mikg;G jhd; jq;fsJ gps;isfis fl;Lg;ghLfSld; tsHe;J nfhiy> kJ> Nghij tpgr;rhuk; Nghd;w gLghjfr; nray;fspy; <Lglhky; jLf;Fk; muzhf tpsq;FfpwJ. Vnddpy; xOq;fhd FLk;g mikg;G jhd;. jd; Foe;ijfspd; eltbf;iffis Nkw;ghHitapl;Lk; topjtWk; NghJ fz;bj;Jk; tUtjhy;> ,sk; tajpdH Fw;wthspfs; MtjpypUe;J jLf;fg;gLfpwhHfs;. FLk;g mikg;G xd;W ,y;yhj epiyapy;> ngw;NwhHfs; jq;fs; Foe;ijfis Nkw;ghHit nra;tJ vt;thW? ,jd; fhuzkhf jq;fs; gps;isfs; topjtWtjypUe;J> mtHfis ghJfhf;f ,ayhky;> ehl;by; ,sk; Fw;wthspfis mjpfhpf;fr; nra;J tpl;;lJ vd;w Muha;r;rp KbTf;F te;Js;sdH. NkYk;> ,isQHfsplk; Nghijg; nghUs; cgNahfk; mjpfkhfp ,Ug;gJk;> ,sk; Fw;wthspfis mjpfhpf;fr; nra;Js;sJ. NkYk;> ,jD}Nl ,dthjKk;> nrf;]; fyhr;rhuKk; jhd; mnkhpf;fhtpy; mjpff; Fw;wk; epfof; fhuzkhfpd;wd.
4. ngWg;gw;w ,e;jpa Nky;kl;l tHf;fk;. fPNo cs;s jfty; fij my;y. fle;j Vg;uy; 6-20> ,e;jpah LNl y; ntspahd nra;jp ,r; nra;jp ,e;jpa Nky;kl;l tHf;fj;jpd; mtyj;ij NjhYhpj;Jf; fhl;Ltjhf mike;Js;sJ. md;Gs;s mk;kh! eP ,y;yhky; kpfTk; f\;lhapUf;fpwJ. mdpYk;> ehDk; mg;ghitg; ghHf;fNt Kbtjpy;iy. mtH vg;nghOJk; gazk; nra;J nfhz;NlapUf;fpwhH. ,q;Nf nuhk;g Nghubf;fpwJ. mk;kh! eP jaT nra;J Fbg;gij epWj;jp tpl;lhy; ehk; vy;NyhUk; xd;whf thoyhk;. mJ nuhk;g [hypahapUf;Fk;. vdf;F ];$Ny gpbf;ftpy;iy. cld; gjpy; vOJ. - epiwa md;Gld; mQ;ryp
,uz;L tUlq;fshff; fLikahff; Fbj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j jpy;yp FLk;gj; jiytpahd gphpah rpq;if 11 taJ kfspd; ,f; fbjk; jhd; kPl;L te;jJ. ,g;nghOJ ehl;bd; nghpa kUj;Jtkidfspy; ,Uf;Fk; 10 Nehahspfspy; 3 NgH ngz;fs;. ngq;f@hpy; ,Uf;Fk; kdeyk; kw;Wk; euk;gpaYf;fhd Njrpa ikaj;jpy; (epk;`hd;];) Ie;J tUlq;fSf;F Kd; 10 ngz;fs; jhd; rpfpr;irf;F tUthHfs;. Mdhy; ,g;nghOJ khjk; 30-35 NgH tUfpwhHfs;. ,tHfs; midtUk; Fbahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;ltHfs;. jpy;ypapy; ,Uf;Fk; kdtpay; epGzH lhf;lH mt;Nj\; rHkhtpd; $w;Wg;gb> Gjpa Afj;jpd; md;whlg; gpur;idfspd; mOj;jq;fs;> tPl;Lg; nghWg;G> mYtyf Ntiy Mfpait jUk; mOj;jq;fisr; rkhspf;f ,tHfs; Fbia ehLfpwhHfs;. Fbahy; NtiyAk;> FLk;gKk; kl;LNk ghjpf;fg;gLk; vd;wpy;iy. Fbg;gof;fKs;s ngz;fSf;F fUr;rpijT> gpwtpf; NfhshW cs;s Foe;ij gpwg;gJ Fiwg;gpurtk; Nghd;wit Vw;gl mjpfk; tha;g;Gs;sJ. Nkw;fz;l nra;jp %yk; ehk; Nky;kl;lk; jd;id mopj;Jf; nfhs;tNjhly;yhky;> jd; Foe;ijfspd; tho;itAk; #dpakhf;fpf; nfhz;L tUfpwJ vd;Nw Ghpa KbfpwJ. ,e;jpahtpYk; FLk;g mikg;G Kiw rpije;J tUtijAk;> fy;tp md;G nfhz;L rPuhl;b tsHf;f Ntz;ba gps;isfis ,r; r%fk;> fphpkpdy;fshfTk; fy;tpia ntWf;Fk; Foe;ijfshfTk; Mf;ff; $ba #o;epiyiaj; jhd; Njhw;Wtpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ
5. EfHnghUs; Mirapy; eLj;ju tHf;fk; ,d;iwa r%f epiyapYk;> nghUshjhu epiyapYk;> kdepiy rk;ge;jg;gll tifapYk; epk;kjpapy;yhj tHf;fk; vJ vd;why;> ,e;j eLj;ju tHf;fk; jhd;. ,J jd;id fPo;j;jl;L tHf;fkhf Mfp tplhky; ,Uf;f xU Nghuhl;lj;ij elj;jpf; nfhz;L> mNj Ntisapy; jd;id caHju> Nky;jl;L tHf;fkhf fhl;bf; nfhs;tjpYk; risg;gjpy;iy. ,e;j eLj;ju tHf;fkhdJ> jhd; nfhz;l EfH nghUs; Mirapd; fhuzkhf> mjhtJ jd;id Nky;jl;L kf;fshf r%fj;Jf;F fhl;l Ntz;Lk; vd;w Nguhirapy;> mjpfkhd nghUshjhur; Rikia jd;dpy; Vw;wpf; nfhs;fpwJ. ,jd; %yk; Vw;gl;l nghUshjhu neUf;fbiar; rkhspf;f fztdk;> kidtpAk; rk;ghjpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w epHg;ge;j epiyf;Fj; js;sg;gl;L> FLk;gg; nghWg;ig mLj;J> nghUshjhuk; vd;w ,uz;lhtJ Rikiaj; jhq;f khl;lhky;> jkJ koiyfspd; vz;zpf;ifiaf; Fiwj;Jf; nfhs;fpwJ. ,jw;fhf FLk;gf; fl;Lghl;ilAk; my;yJ Foe;ijg; Ngw;iwj; js;sp itf;f ,e;j tHf;fk;> fl;lha KbTf;F js;sg;gl;L tpLfpwJ. ,jd; %yk;> jhd; typa Vw;Wf; nfhz;l EfHnghUs; Miria epiwNtw;wpf; nfhs;s Foe;ijfisg; ghukhf - nrytpdkhf fUjj; jiyg;gl;L tpLfpwJ.
6. EfHnghUs; Mirapy; ,e;jpa eLj;ju tHf;fk; $l;Lf; FLk;gq;fs; gphpe;J ,sk; jiyKiw fztd;-kidtp ciof;fj; jahuhfpwhHfs;. Mf> etPd fhyg; Nghf;fpd; tpisT : ,uz;L NgH rk;ghjpf;Fk; FLk;gq;fs;. efHg;Gw eLj;ju tHf;ff; $l;Lf; FLk;gq;fSf;Ff; $l ,uz;L my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;ltHfspd; rk;gsk; te;J NrHtjpy; xU fz;. ,e;jpah-LNl khHf; rHNt fhl;LtJ Nghy 88 rjtPjk; NgH mJ mtrpakhfp tpl;ljhfTk; nrhy;fpwhHfs;. vf;I]];> Rq;fj; jPHit Fiwg;Gk;> Nghl;bAkhf re;ijapy; EfH nghUs;fisr; nfhz;L te;J rha;j;jpUg;gjhy; ,e;jpa eLj;ju tHf;fk; gztPf;fj;jhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,Ue;Jk; tho;f;ifj; juj;ij caHj;Jk; vijAk; thq;fpg; NghLtjpy;> Foe;ij $l FWf;Nf epw;fhJ> vd;fpwhH mDghkh. (,e;jpah LNl - khHf; Ngl;b fz;l egH). fdTfs; nfhz;l ,e;jpahtpd; eLj;ju tHf;fk; jhd; gd;dhl;L> cs;ehl;L KjyPl;bd; J}z;by;> Mdhy; eLj;ju tHf;fNkh ehd;F tUlkhf thq;Fk; jpwd; tw;wp tho;f;ifj; juk; rhpe;jpUf;fpwJ. Nfus murpd; tdj;Jiw Copauhd tp];thk;gudpd; khjr; rk;gsk; &.2>300.00. ,e;jr; rk;gsj;jpy; jhd; kidtp> %d;W gs;sp nry;Yk; Foe;ijfs;> khkdhH> khkpahH> jk;gp> jk;gpapd; kidtp vy;NyhiuAk; fhg;ghw;wpahf Ntz;Lk;. gps;isfSf;F bArd; tifapy; 250.00 &gha; nrythfpwJ. gbg;G ek; gz;ghl;bd; gpujhdk;. Mdh mJ ,d;ndhU Rikay;Nyh? vd;fpwhH mtH kidtp tre;jp. gpuhtplz;l; gz;by; &gha; 10 Mapuk; fld;> tPL fl;l &gha; 25 Mapuk; fld;. ,t;tsitAk; jd; rk;gsk;> jd; kidtpapd; ijay; tUkhdk; %yk; rhpf;fl;b tho;f;ifia elj;JfpwhH. Nkw;fz;l flndy;yhk; Kbe;jJk; fWg;G nts;is b.tp. thq;fj; jpl;lk;. jhd; nfhz;l EfH nghUs; Mirf;F jd; Foe;ij $l FWf;Nf epw;fhJ vd xU FLk;gKk;> jd; gps;isapd; fy;tpj; Njitf;F nryT nra;tijr; Rikahff; fUJk;> mNj Ntisapy; b.tp. thq;Ftij xU yl;rpaf; fdthf vz;zpr; nray;gLk; xU FLk;gKk; jhd;> ,d;iwa ek; ,e;jpa eLj;ju tHf;fj;jpd; epiyf;F rhpahd vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfs;.
7. rKjhar; rkepiy ghjpg;Gk; mjd; tpisTfSk;. ey;y caHe;j gz;Gs;s> mwpTs;s> jpwikAs;s fy;tpahsHfis>mwpQHfis> Ml;rpahsHfisr; r%fj;jpw;Fj; ju Ntz;ba tha;g;Gfisg; ngw;Ws;s Nky;jl;L tHf;fk; jk; nghWg;ig kwe;J Nghdjhy; ,d;W murpaypYk;> caH gjtpfspYk; ey;y Mnuhf;akhd gz;Gs;s murpay;thjpfSf;Fk; mjpfg; gQ;rk; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. vt;thnudpy; kdrhl;rp kw;Wk; Raf; fl;Lg;ghL> xOf;fk; epiwe;j mjpfhu tHf;fk; ,d;W kpfTk; mhpjhfptpl;lJ. vq;F jpUk;gpDk; nfhiy> nfhs;is> yQ;rk;> Nkhrb Nghd;wtw;wpy; <LgLk; r%fj;ijj; jhd; fhz KbfpwJ. ,ijNa mnkhpf;fhtpd; Fw;wtpay; mwpQH vl;tpd; H. RjHNyz;l; (1885-1956) vd;gtH "WHITE COLLAR CRIME", vd;fpwhH. mjhtJ Nky;kl;l tHf;fk; GhpAk; Fw;wq;fpy; yQ;rk;> Coy;> Nkhrb> nghJkf;fs; njhiyNgrpia xl;Lf; Nfl;gJ> Nghyp]; mlf;Fkiw %yk; kf;fs; chpikiag; gwpg;gJ> nghUs;fSf;f mjpf tpiyia epHzapg;gJ> njhopw;rhiyia khRfis ftdpahJ tpl;L tpLjy; Nghd;wit mlq;Fk;. ,J Nghd;w Fw;wq;fSf;Fj; Jiz NghtJld;> jkJ Msifapd; NghJ jk; epiyia NkYk; epiyepWj;jpf; nfhs;s> r%fj;jpy; nghUshjhu me;j];J Ntz;b rl;lq;fisj; jtwhfg; gad;gLj;jp> fphpkpdy; eltbf;iffspy; ,wq;FfpwJ. ,tHfspd; ,e;jf; Fw;wq;fs; jhd; ehl;bd; nghUshjhu mbg;gilia kpfTk; ghjpf;ff; $baJ vd;fpwhH mwpQH vl;tpd; H. RjHNyz;l;. cz;ikapNyNa ,e;j Nky;jl;L tHf;fk; jk; r%fg; nghWg;ig czHe;J> jk; kuG topf; flj;jg;gLk; Fzhjpraq;fisf; nfhz;l Foe;ijfis FLk;gf;fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; fl;Lg;gLj;jhky; ,Ue;jpUe;jhy;> ngw;w gps;isfis rhptu fz;fhzpj;J guhkhpj;Jk; ,Ue;jpUe;jhy;> ey;y fy;tpahsHfis> xOf;fKs;s> jpwikahd> mjpfhu tHf;fj;ij ehL mjpf mstpy; ngw;wpUf;Fk;. eLj;ju tHf;fk; jd;Dila EfH nghUs; Miria> jd;id Nky;jl;L kf;fshf r%fj;Jf;Ff; fhl;l Ntz;Lk; vd;w Nguhiria tpl;nlhopj;J> jhAk; je;ijAk; Ntiyf;Fr; nry;yhky;> je;ijapd; tUkhdk; mwpe;J jha; nryt nra;Ak; gof;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;gl;rj;jpYk;> jha; jd; FLk;gg; nghWg;GzHe;J> tPl;bypUe;J FLk;gg; nghWg;g> Foe;ijg; guhkhpg;G Mfpatw;wpy; jk; ftdj;ijr; nrYj;jp ,Ue;jhy;> ey;y fy;tpawpTs;s> xOf;fKs;s Foe;ijfis ehl;Lf;Fj; je;jpUf;f KbAk;. Njitaw;w FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpl;lj;ij ehl Ntz;ba epHg;ge;j epiy NeHe;jpUf;fhJ. ,jw;F NeHkhwhf fPo;j;jl;L kf;fs; mjpfk; gps;isfisg; ngw;W> mtHfSf;F czT> cil> ,Ug;gplk;> fy;tp Nghd;wtw;wpy; rhptu mspf;f ,ayhky;> Nkw;gb caHju> eLj;ju kf;fis mz;b> czT> cil> nghUs;> ,Ug;gplk; Ntz;b vijahtJ nra;J mtw;iw mila Ntz;Lk; vd;w epHg;ge;jj;jpy; Nkw;gb Nky;jl;L> eLj;ju kf;fis> nghUshjhuk; rhHe;J tho Ntz;ba epHg;ge;j epiyapy; ey;yNjh> nfl;lNjh vJthdhYk;> ,tHfs; ,Lk; fl;lisf;F Mkhk; NghLk; $l;lq;fshfTk;> Ra rpe;jidaw;w $l;lkhfTk; tsHe;J tUtij ,d;iwa ekJ murpay;thjpfs; gpd;dhy; jphpAk; $l;lj;ij itj;Nj ehk; fzpj;J tpl KbAk;. NkYk;> ,d;iwa ekJ murpay; mikg;gpy;> jiyfspd; vz;zpf;if jhd; jiyikia> mjpfhu tHf;fj;ij epHzak; nra;fpwJ> xUtdJ fy;tp> xOf;fk;> mwpT Mfpa gz;gfis itj;J> jiyikg; nghWg;Gf;F mtidj; NjHe;njLg;gjpy;iy. xt;nthU r%fKk;> ,dKk;> jhd; jhd; jiyikg; nghWg;Gf;F tu Ntz;Lk;> mjpfhuj;jpw;F tu Ntz;Lk; vd;W Jbf;Fk; murpay; mikg;gpy;> ,e;j fy;tp mwpT Fiwe;j> mjpf vz;zpf;ifapy; cs;s fPo;kl;lk; jhd; jiyikia epHzapf;Fk; jFjpf;F te;J tpLfpwJ. Vnddpy;> thf;F tq;fpNa mtHfs; jhNd. ,e;j jFjpaw;w r%fk; epWTk; jiyikAk;> Ml;rpAk; vt;thW ,Uf;Fk; vd;gij ,d;iwa ek; ,e;jpahtpd; murpay; fsNk rpwe;j cjhuzkhFk;. ,e;jr; rKjha rkepiyr; rPHNfl;Lf;F ahH fhuzk;? vd;gij ,e;j FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghL> MjuTf; $l;lk; rpe;jpf;fl;Lk;! 19 Mk; E}w;whz;il mLj;J> 20 k; E}w;whz;Lfspy; njhopw; Gul;rpAk;> Kjyhspj;Jtk; kw;Wk; fk;A+dp]f; nfhs;iffSk;> FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpl;lj;ij Cl;b tsHj;jjd; %yk;> 20 Mk; E}w;whz;Lf;Fg; gpd; mwpthspfs; gQ;rj;ijj; jhd; Vw;gLj;jpaJ. mNj Neuj;jpy; vOj;jwptpy;yhj> fy;tpawptw;w> xOf;fkw;w rKjhaj;jpd; msT $bNa te;J nfhz;L ,Uf;fpwJ. gphpl;ldpd; kpfg; nghpa mwpQuhf ,Ue;j> ngHl;uhz;l u];]y; (Mr. BERTRAND RUSSELL) vd;gtH rKjhar; rkepiyg; ghjpg;gpd; mtyj;ij ,t;thW tpsf;FfpwhH. rKjhaj;jpy; gbj;j caHtHf;fj;jpd; msT Fiwe;J nfhz;Nl tUfpd;wJ. mNj Ntisapy; gbg;gwptw;w> Vio> Fbfhu> gytPdkhd Mz;fSk;> ngz;fSk; nfhz;l mbkl;l r%fk; mstpy;yhky; $bf; nfhz;Nl tUfpwJ. ,jd; %yk; guk;giu guk;giuahf flj;jg;gLk; caH Fzhjpraq;fSk; rpWfr; rpWf> kfg;Ngw;iwf; Fiwj;Jf; nfhs;tjd; %yk; tbfl;lg;gl;Lf; nfhz;Nl te;J nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. tUq;fhyj;jpy; ,d;W ,Uf;Fk; mwpthspfs; vz;zpf;if $l ehis kpQ;rp ,Uf;Fkh vd;gJ re;NjfNk vd;fpwhH. NkYk;> ,d;W ,tHfs; cw;gj;jp nra;jpUf;Fk; fphpkpdy;fs;> Fw;wthspfs;> fy;tp mwptw;w> Fbfhu> gytPdkhd kdJs;s Foe;ijfs; jhd; ehisa ngw;NwhHfs;. ,d;iwa Inuhg;gpa cyfk; ,e;j rKjhar; rkepiy tPo;r;rpapypUe;J tpLgl Ntz;Lkhdhy;> ngz;fs; kw;Wk; Foe;ijfs; tpraj;jpy; GjpanjhU nfhs;if Kiwia cUthf;f Ntz;Lk;. mjhtJ> gioa Kiwg;gbahd jpUkz ge;jq;fs; gpd;gw;wg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ngz;fs; Foe;ijg; Ngw;iw r%fj;Jf;F nra;Ak; flikahff; fUj Ntz;Lk;. ,jd; %yk; Foe;ij ,y;yhj jd;ikAk;> mjw;F kiwKfkhj; J}z;Lk; fhuzpfisAk; fisa Ntz;Lk;. ngHl;uhz;l; u];]y; mtHfspd; $w;W> Inuhg;gpa r%fj;jpy; GiuNahbg; NghapUf;Fk; mtyj;ijf; Nfhbl;Lf; fhl;ba tpjj;jpd; %yk;> rKjhar; rkepiyr; rPHNfl;bd; ghjpg;ig ehk; czHe;J nfhs;syhk;.
8. rKjhar; rkepiyg; ghjpg;gpy; ,e;jpah ,e;jpahtpy; tUkhd tpfpj mbg;gilapy; kf;fisj; juk; gphpj;jhy;> Nkw;fj;jpakakhd Nky;jl;L FLk;gq;fs; 1.2 Nfhb. (xU FLk;gj;jpw;F 5.5 egHfs; vd;gJ re;ij Ma;T mikg;Gf; fzf;F). mLj;J eLj;ju tHf;fk; ,uz;lhfg; gphpf;fg;gl;L VWKf tHf;fk; 5 Nfhbf; FLk;gq;fs;> mLj;j ehLk; tHf;fk;> epuhjuT tHf;fk; 4 Nfhbf; FLk;gq;fs;. ehLk; epiyf;F fPo;kl;l vy;NyhUNk eLj;ju tHf;fj;jpdH vdf; nfhs;syhk; vd;fpwhH> ,e;jpa nghUshjhu epGzH FO (NCAER). mjhtJ RkhH 67 Nfhbg; NgH: ,e;jpa kf;fs; njhifapy; 80 rjtPjk;. kPjKs;s 20 rjtPjj;jpdH efHg;Gw> fpuhkg;Gw epuhjuTg; gphptpdH. gpiog;Gf;Nf ky;Yf;F epw;f Ntz;batHfs;. tpiy Vw;wj;jpdhy; eLj;ju tHf;fj;jpdH xl;L nkhj;jkhf mjpf trjp gilj;jtHfshfpw mNj Neuj;jpy; kf;fs; njhifapd; mbkl;l gphptpdH vz;zpf;if ngUFk; Mgj;Jk; cs;sJ. NCAER Gs;sp tpgug;gb Nky;jl;L tHf;fj;jpy; $Ljyhfr; NrHe;j FLk;gq;fs; 16 yl;rk; jhd;. Mdhy; & 18 Mapuj;jpw;Fk; Fiwe;j tUkhdKs;s fPo;kl;lg; gphptpy; $Ljyhf 70 yl;rk; FLk;gq;fs; NrHe;J tpl;ld. (Vg;uy; 6-20> 1995 ,e;jpah LNl.) Mf> ,e;jpahtpYk; rKjhar; rkepiyapy; khw;wk; Vw;gl;L tUfpwJ. Gjpjhfj; jpwe;J tplg;gl;l gd;dhl;L KjyPLfs;> jpwe;j re;ijg; nghUshjhuj;jhy; jd; EfH nghUs; Mirapy; eLj;ju tHf;fj;jpd; tho;f;if trjp $b ,Ue;jhYk;> me;j tho;f;if trjp fld; %ykhfNth my;yJ jtiz Kiwapy; ngwg;gl;l nghUs;fspd; %ykhfNt Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;lJ. ,jd; %yk; ,e;j eLj;ju tHf;fk; jhd; epk;kjpiaj; njhiyj;J tpl;lJ. ,Ug;gpDk; mJ jd; EfHnghUs; Miriaf; if tpl;ljh? ,y;iyNa! khwhf Foe;ijiaAk;> Foe;ijapd; gbg;Gr; nryitAk; ghukhdjhf vz;zj; Jtq;fp tpl;lJ. NkYk;> fPo;kl;l kf;fis NkYk; mjs ghjhsj;jpy; js;sp tpl;Ls;sjhy;> me;j r%fk; nra;tjwpahJ epw;fpwJ. ,e;j fPo;kl;l r%fk; Kd;Ndw muR vd;d jhd; rYiffs; nra;jhYk; mtHfs; caHtjw;F gy gj;jhz;Lfs; Mfyhk; vd;fpwJ Ma;T. Vnddpy;> czTg; nghUs; tpiyNaw;wk; ,tHfis Kd;Ndw tplhJ. Mf> ,e;jpa Nky;jl;L tHf;fj;jpy; MZk; ngz;Zk; FbAk;> Fbj;jdKkhfTk;> FLk;gj;ij tpl njhopYk;> nghJ ey kd;wq;fSk; nghpJ vdTk;> FLk;gj;ij kwe;Jk; Foe;ijfis ghuhkhff; fUjpAk;> Nky;jl;L kf;fspd; Foe;ijfs; md;Gf;F Vq;fpatHfshfTk;> fy;tpia ntWg;gtHfshfTk;> fphpkpdy;fshfTk; MFk; epiyapYk; mLj;J eLj;ju tHf;fk; jdJ EfHnghUs; Mirapy; Foe;ijfisg; ghukhfTk;> Foe;ijf;F MFk; fy;tpr; nryTfis mjpfg;gbahd nryTfshfTk;> fPo;kl;lNkh cz;z czTf;Nf jLkhwpj; jphpAk; NghJ Foe;ijg; guhkhpg;ghtJ fy;tpahtJ vd;w hPjpapy; ,e;jpar; r%fk; nrd;W nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. ,jd; %yk; fy;tp vd;gJ midj:J kl;lj;jpYk; kWf;fg;gl;l xd;whf Mfp tpLtjhYk;> jdk; nghWg;Gf;fis czHe;J Nky;jl;L kl;lKk; kw;Wk; eLj;ju tHf;fK; jk; Foe;ijfspd; tho;tpy; fy;tpapy; xOf;fj;jpy; mf;fiw nrYj;jhjjhYk;> rKjhaj;jpy; fy;tpahsHfSf;Fg; gQ;rk; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. Mf> Nky;kl;l kf;fs; jq;fs; ehfhPf tpisahl;Lf;F Foe;ij ghukhf ,Ug;gjhYk;> eLj;ju kf;fSf;F EfHnghUs; Mir Nkhfj;jhy; Foe;ij nrytpdkhff; fUjg;gLtjhYk;> FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;L KiwiaAk;> mjd; rhjq;fisAk; ehb jk; kfg;Ngw;iwf; Fiwj;Jf; nfhs;fpwJ. fPo; kl;lk;cz;z cztpy;yh tpl;lhYk;> VNjh tho;f;ifg; Nghul;lj;ij elj;jpf; nfhz;Nl> ,e;jpa r%fj;jpy; jd; vz;zpf;ifia mjpfg;gLj;jpf; nfhz;Nl te;J nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. NkYk;> nghUshjhu jhuhskakhf;fy; ehl;bd; nkhj;j tUkhdj;;ijf; $l;b te;jhYk;> tWikf; Nfhl;Lf;Ff; fPNo thOk; kf;fis mjpfg;gLj;jpf; nfhz;Nl te;J nfhz;bUf;fpwJ vd;gij Kd;dNu ghHj;Njhk;. ,e;jpahtpy; 65 rjtPjk; kf;fs; tWikf; Nfhl;bw;Ff; fPNo thOfpd;whHfs;. 940 kpy;ypad; kf;fs; njhifapy; ghjpg;NgH Viofs;. 60 rjtPjk; fy;tpawpT ,y;yhjtHfs;. 25 rjtPj kf;fs; khjk; xd;wpw;F 25 lhyHfSf;Fk; FiwthfNt rk;ghjpf;fpd;whHfs;. (Arab News – Riyadh – Aug 15 1997). Mf> ,e;jpa Nky;jl;L tHf;fk; nra;a Ntz;baJ vd;dntd;why;> ehfhPf Nkhfj;jpy; jhd; filgpbj;J tUk; FLk;gf;fl;Lg;ghl;L Kiwiaf; iftpl;L> ehl;Lf;F fy;tpawpTs;s re;jjpia mjpfk; cUthf;fpj; ju Ntz;Lk;. eLj;ju tHf;fk; jd; EfHnghUs; Miria tpl;nlhopj;J> Foe;ijg; Ngw;iw mjpfkhf;fp> jha; jd; nghWg;GzHe;J> tPl;bypUe;J FLk;gg; nghWg;G> Foe;ijg; ghuhkhpg;G Mfpatw;wpy; jk; ftdj;ijr; nrYj;jp> ey;y jpwikahd> xOf;fKs;s> fy;tpawpTs;s> Foe;ijfis ehl;Lf;F cUthf;fpj; jUtjd; %yk;> tWikf; Nfhl;Lf;Ff; fPNo thOk; fPo;j;jl;L kf;fspd; njhifia tpl> gbj;j fy;tpawpTs;s> xOf;fKs;s kf;fis mjpfg;gLj;j KbAk;. ,jd; %yk; ey;y xOf;fKs;s>gz;Gs;s Ml;rpahsHfisAk;> mjpfhhpfisAk; fhz KbAk;. ,jd; gpd;dzpapy; ehL Rgpl;rkile;J> ekJ fPo; kl;l rNfhjuHfisAk; Nky;kl;lj;jpw;F ,izahf nfhz;L nry;y KbAk;. ,dpNkYk;> ek; r%fk; jk; nghWg;GzHe;J nray;gltpy;iyahdhy;> ehl;by; eurpk;kuht;fSf;Fk;> `H\j; Nkj;jhf;fSf;Fk;> n[ayypjh Nghd;NwhHfSk;> gpNukhde;jhf;fSk;> mj;thdpfSk;> re;jpuhRthkpfSk; jhd; kpFe;jpUg;ghHfs;.
9. tajhdtHfspd; vz;zpf;if mjpfhpg;G ,Jtiu r%fr; rkepiyapy;> njsptw;w tpfpjhr;rhuKk;> caHkl;l> eLj;juf; Fbkf;fs; FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpl;lj;ij filgpbj;jjd; %yk; Mnuhf;fpakhd> Jbg;Gs;s> xOf;fKs;s> fy;tp mwpTs;s r%fk; rpWfr; rpWf tbfl;lg;gl;Lf; nfhz;Nl te;J nfhz;Nl ,Uf;fpd;wJ. mNj Neuj;jpy;> fy;tp mwpT FiwthfNth> ,y;yhkNyh ,Uf;Fk; fPo;kl;lk; kpFjpahf cUthfp tUtijAk; mjd; ghjpg;GfisAk; fz;Nlhk;. ,dp> ,e;j FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;bd; vjpnuhypahf Foe;ijfSf;Fk;> tajhdtHfSf;Fk; ,ilNa cs;s rkepiyapYk; khw;wk; Vw;gl;L. me;j khw;wk; cyfpd; tsHe;j ehLfspy; nghUshjhuj;ij vt;thW ghjpg;gilar; nra;J nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ vd;gij ,g;nghOJ fhz;Nghk;. mjhtJ> FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj;jpl;lj;ij mjp jPtpukhf nray;gLj;jpajd; %yk;> ehl;by; tajhdtHfSf;Fk;> Foe;ijfSf;Fk; ,Uf;f Ntz;ba rPuhd tpfpjhr;rhu msT ghjpf;fg;gl;lJ. Foe;ijg; gpwg;G fzprkhd msT Fiwf;fg;gl;L tpl;ljhy;> ehl;bd; Jbg;ghd nray;fSf;F Ntz;ba ,isa uj;jk; jilgl;Lg; Nghd mNj Ntisapy;> mJtiu ngw;NwhHfsha; ,Ue;j ,isQHfs; KjpNahHfshfp> jhk; Jbg;Gld; tho;e;j fhyj;jpy; jkJ vz;zpf;ifiag; Nghy my;yJ jkJ vz;zpf;ifia tpl mjpfkhd Foe;ijfis ehl;Lf;Fg; ngw;Wj; juhjjhy;> ,e;j tajhdtHfspd; vz;zpf;if Mz;Lfs; flf;ff; flf;ff; $ba mNj Ntisapy; Foe;ijg; gpw;gGk; mNj mstpy; $lhjjd; tpisT> ,d;iwa Nkiyehl;Lr; r%fj;jpy; r%f> nghUshjhu mstpy; ngUk; NtWghLfisAk;> mopitAk; vjpHNehf;fp tUfpd;whHfs;. xU kdpjd; jd; ,sikf; fhyj;jpy; jhd; kpfTk; Jbg;Gld; nray;gl KbAk;. mJ Nghyj;jhd; ehLk;. Jbg;Gs;s ,sk; ,uj;jq;fs; jhd; me;j ehl;ilg; nghUshjhu mstpYk; r%f msptpYk; ghJfhf;Fk; J}z;fs;. NkYk; ehl;by; Foe;ijfspd; rjtPjk; Fiwaf; Fiwa ,Jtiu cw;gj;jp nra;J tUk; nghUs;fspd; msitAk; Fiwf;f Ntz;b tUk;. cgNahfpg;ghsH vz;zpf;if FiwAk; NghJ Vw;gLk; cw;gj;jpf; FiwT> ehl;by; Ntiytha;g;igf; Fiwg;gNjhL> nghUshjhug; gpd;dilitAk; mjpfg;gLj;Jk;. ,Wjpapy; mJ ehl;bd; nghUshjhuj;jpd; Cw;Wf; fz;izNa milj;J tpLk;. xU ey;y r%fj;Jf;F cap&l;lf; $baJ ,isQHfspd; gq;nfLg;NgahFk;. Vnddpy; ,isQHfs; epiwe;j gzpkidfs;> ,uhZtk;> njhopw;rhiy> Nghd;wtw;wpy; jhd; mjpf jpwikiaAk;> cw;gj;jpiaAk;> NeHj;jpiaAk; fhz KbAk;. Vnddpy;> ,isQHfshy; kl;LNk fbdkhd rthy;fs; epiwe;j gzpfisj; jpwk;gl kd cWjpAld; nray;gLj;j KbAk;. mijr; rkhspf;f ,isQHfspd; cly; gyKk;> thypgKk;> kd epiyAk; xj;Jiof;f Ntz;Lk;. mJty;yhky;> tajhd r%fk; %yk; cw;gj;jpiaNah fbdkhd gzpfisNah vjpHghHf;f KbahJ. mjw;F mtHfsJ taNahjpfk; ,lkspg;gjpy;iy. vdNt> nghUshjhuk; vd;gjd; mbg;gilapy; mtHfs; FLk;gj;ijNah my;yJ ehl;ilNah rhHe;j tho Ntz;ba epiyapy; cs;stHfs;. NkYk;> ,e;j Nkiy r%fq;fspy; FLk;g mikg;G rpjwpajd; fhuzkhf> ,j;jifa tNahjpfHfs; jdpikahfTk;> my;yJ KjpNahH ,y;yq;fspYk; tho Ntz;ba epiyapy;> mjw;fhFk; nrytpdq;fis jkJ Xa;T+jpak;> Nrkpg;Gs; %yk; kl;LNk epiwNtw;wpf; nfhs;s Ntz;ba epiyapy; cs;sdH. NkYk; tajhdtHfs; vz;zpf;if $lf; $l mtHfSf;F mspf;Fk; ngd;rd; njhifapd; nkhj;j msT $bf; nfhz;Nl tUfpwJ. Nkw;gb Xa;T+jpak; my;yhJ> ,e;j tajhdtHfs; jkJ Nrkpg;igAk; fhyp nra;tjhy;> ehl;bd; nghUshjhuk; nrhy;y Kbahj msT tPo;r;rpiar; re;jpf;Fk; epiyf;f js;sg;gl;L tUfpwJ. kdpjd; ,iwtd; toq;fpa mUl;nfhilapy; if itj;jjd; tpisit mDgtpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;whd;. ,aw;ifia.. mij ,af;Fk; ,iwtid vjpHj;J Nghhplj; Jzpe;j kdpjd;> mjd; gpd; tpisTfis ,iwkiw Rl;bf; fhl;bAk; Nfshjjhy; mtd; mile;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; mtyq;fis> ehlfspd; epyikfis ,dp tphpthff; fhz;Nghk;. Kjypy; ehk; ghHf;fg; NghtJ ehfhPfj;jpd; njhl;by;? mnkhpf;fhtpd; mty epiy!!!
mnkhpf;fh : 1990 y; vLf;fg;gl;l kf;fs; njhiff; fzf;nfLg;gpd;gb> epA+ahHf; efhpy; kl;Lk; 65 k; mjw;F NkYk; tajhdtHfspd; vz;zpf;if 3>50>000 MFk;. 2050 k; Mz;by; mnkhpf;fhtpy; 90 k; mjw;F NkYk; tajhdtHfspd; vz;zpf;if 48 kpy;ypaikj; jhz;b tpLk; vd vjpHghhf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. (The New York Times – Sunday Feb 23 1997. The News Given By> Executive Director, of DOROT, Mr. Vivian Fenster Ehlich – DOROT. A Service Agency For Aged). mLj;J mnkhpf;fhtpd; mhpNrhdh khepyj;jpy; kl;Lk; ,d;Dk; 25 tUlq;fspy; tajhdtHfspd; vz;zpf;if 1.1 kpy;ypad; MFk; vd vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,e;j mhpNrhdh khepyj;jpy; cs;s Xa;T ngw;w tajhdthfs; 1995 y; nrytopj;j njhifapd; msT 13.6 gpy;ypad; lhyHfs; vd;W khepy nghUshjhu Mizaj;jpd; Kf;fpa mjpfhhp $wpdhH. (The New York Times – National Report . Sunday Feb, 16, 1997). mnkhpf;fhtpd; Foe;ijg; gpwg;G tpfpjk; : 1995 y; -- 2.05 2025 y; -- 1.61 mjhtJ> 1995 y; xU FLk;gj;jpw;F> xU jk;gjpaUf;F 2.05 Foe;ijfs; ,Ue;jJ vdpy;> 2025 y; ,J 1.61 Mff; Fiwe;J tpLk; vd vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
gphpl;ld; : gphpl;ldpy; 65 kpy;ypad; kf;fs; njhifapy; 10 y; xU egH mjhtJ 6.5 kpy;ypad; egHfs; 70 k; mjw;F NkYk; tajhdtHfs;. ,Nj msT 2030 y; ,ej kf;fs; njhif 10 kpy;ypad; MFk; vd vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpwJ. mg;nghOJ 4 y; xU egH 85 k; mjw;F NkYk; tajhdtHfshf ,Ug;ghHfs; vd vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpwJ. 1970 y; 4>021 Mf ,Ue;j KjpNahH ,y;yq;fs; ,d;W 17>065 Mfg; ngUfp cs;sd. ,e;j vz;zpf;if 20>000 MfTk; ,Uf;fyhk; vdTk; ,jpy; kl;Lk; 50>000 KjpNahHfs; trpf;fpd;whHfs;. ,J my;yhJ KjpNahHfs; ,y;yk; my;yhJ jpdikapy; trpf;Fk; KjpNahHfspd; vz;zpf;ifiar; NrHj;jhy; ,d;Dk; mjpfkhd mstpy; ,Uf;Fk;. NkYk;> ,e;j gzp%g;Gg; ngw;w KjpNahHfs; jq;fs; FLk;gq;fisg; gphpe;Njh my;yJ FLkgr; #o;epiy ,y;yhj epiyapNyh jhd; KjpNahH ,y;yq;fis ehLfpd;wdH. NkYk; ,ej KjpNahH ,y;yq;fspy; Goq;Fk; xU tUlj;ija gz kjpg;G vt;tsT njhpAkh? 8 gpy;ypad; gTz;LfshFk;. NkYk;. ,e;j ngUfp tUk; ,y;yq;fspy;> gzj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhz;L jq;fisf; ftdpf;f ehjpapy;yhky; jq;fis Nkhrb nra;J tUtjhf vOe;j GfhH> ,d;Dk; muRf;F ngUk; jiytypahf khwp tpl;lJ. ,jpy; elf;Fk; coy;> Nkhrb> gzj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhz;L KjpNahHfisf; ftdpg;ghuw;W tpl;L tpLtJ Nghd;wtw;iw Muha muR xU tprhuizf; fkp\id mikj;Js;sJ. (The Sunday Times, 31 Aug 97. How the Elderly Suffer Abuse from Carers and Exposed; Homes that fail the old)
rpq;fg;G+H ntw;wpfukhd? FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj;jpl;ljpd; %yk; rpq;fg;G+H Mrpa ehLfspNyNa mjpf tajhd KjpNahHfisf; nfhz;l ehlhf ,Uf;Fk;. ,d;Dk; 25 tUlq;fspy; ehl;bd; nkhj;j kf;fs; njhifapy; fhy;thrpg; NgH 60 k; mjw;F NkYk; taJ te;j KjpNahHfshf ,Ug;ghHfs;. rpq;fg;G+hpd; ,d;iwa kf;fs; njhif 3 kpy;ypad; MFk;. NkYk;> r%f fl;Lkhdj; jpl;lk; (SOCIAL ENGINEERING PROGRAMME) jw;nghOJ ,uz;Lf;F Nky; Ntz;lhk; vd;w Nfh\j;ij tpl;L tpl;L> Kbe;jijg; ngw;Wj; js;Sq;fs; vd;w Nfh\j;ij vOg;g Muk;gpj;Js;sJ.
gpNurpy; gpNurpypd; kf;fs; njhif 158 kpy;ypad;fshFk;. ,jpy; 32 kpy;ypad; kf;fs; 2020 k; Mz;by; 60 k; mjw;F NkYk; tajhdtHfshf ,Ug;ghHfs;. cyf kf;fs; njhifapy; tajhdtHfspd; vz;zpf;ifapy; 13 rjtPjk;> cyf mstpy; tajhdtHfspd; vz;zpf;if mjpfk; cs;s ehLfspd; thpirapy; 5 tJ ,lj;ijAk; gpNurpy; gpbf;f ,Uf;fpwJ. jw;nghOJ 158 kpy;ypad; kf;fs; njhifapy; 8 rjtPjk; egHfs; 60 k; mjw;F NkYk; tajhd epiyapy; cs;sdH. 1950 y; gpNurpypd; ruhrhp Mal;fhyk; 54.2 ypUe;J 63.5 Mf caHe;jJk; fhuzkhFk;. 1970 y; xU ngz; ruhrhpahf 5.8 Foe;ijfisAk;> mNj msT ,d;W 2.4 Mff; Fiwe;J tpl;lij cyfg; nghJ Rfhjhu mikg;G (WHO) ,J Fwpj;J gpNurpiy vr;rhpj;Js;sJ. ,g;nghONj jFe;j eltbf;if vOf;ftpy;iy vdpy;> ehl;bd; Rfhjhuk;> nghUshjhuk;> ghJfhg;G ,tw;wpy; gpd;dilitr; re;jpf;f Ntz;b tUk; vd jdJ WHO mwpf;ifapy; $wp cs;sJ. (ARAB NEWS – RIYADH – JAN 01-1997).
[g;ghd; (Foe;ijg; gpwg;G ,wq;F Kfk; - tajhdtHfspd; vz;zpf;if VWKfk;) [g;ghdpy; Foe;ijfSf;Fg; gw;whf;Fiw Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. NghHf;fhy mbg;gilapy; Foe;ijg; gpwg;ig mjpfg;gLj;j Ntz;ba mtrpaj;ij nfhs;if tFf;Fk;> jpl;lkply; mjpfhhpfs; muRf;F Mnyhrid $wp ,Uf;fpwhHfs;. ,jpy;> jha;khhfs; Foe;ijg; Ngw;iw milAk; NghJ Vw;gLk; rpy mnrsfhpaq;fis mwpe;J ,tw;iwf; fisa Ntz;Lk;> mjw;fhf muR nfhs;if tpjpfis tFf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W ml;RNfh Kuhfp (ATSUKO MURAKI) vd;w gpujkH mYtyfj;jpd; ghypay; rkj;Jtk; (GENDER EQUALITY) mYtyfg; nghWg;G mjpfhhp muRf;F MNyhrid toq;fp cs;shH. ngz;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;l fy;tp> mjdhy; ngwg;gl;l Ntiytha;g;Gfs; Nghd;wit jhd; Foe;ijg; gpwg;ig mjd; rjtPjj;ijf; Fiwj;Js;sd. gzpf;Fr; nry;Yk; ngz;fs; jpUkzk; nra;ahkYk;> jpUkzk; nra;a jhkjpg;gjhYk;> jpUkzk; MdhYk; Foe;ijg; gpwg;ig ghukhd nrayhf ,ilA+uhff; fUJtjhYk; Foe;ijg; gpwg;G Fiwe;Js;sJ. Fwpg;G : ,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;Fg; gpd; [g;ghdpy; fLikahd FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghL ,Ue;jJ vd;gij epidtpy; nfhs;f) ,g;nghOJ ,e;jg; gpur;idiaj; jPHf;f ,J xd;Nw top. ngz;fs; ve;j NtiyAk; nra;ahky;> tPl;by; ,Ue;J nfhz;L Foe;ijfis Njrj;Jf;Fg; ngw;Wj; je;jhy; NghJkhdJ. ,jpy; cs;s rpukq;fis> jilfis ePf;fp> Foe;ij ngw;Wf; nfhs;tij vspikahd> xU Njitahd nray; vd;gij kf;fsplk; fUj;J cUthf;f mjw;fhd #o;epiyfis ehk; Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;fpwhH> A+hpNfh MrpNdh vd;w FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;L Mizaj;jpd; cjtp ,af;FeH. Rfhjhu kw;Wk; kf;fs; ey;tho;T mikr;rfj;jpd; Gs;sp tpguk; jhd; ,tHfs; ,t;thW rpe;jpf;f itj;jJ. mjhtJ 2015 y; 4 y; xU egH 65 k; mjw;F NkYk; mjpf taJilNahuhf ,Ug;ghH. ,Nj msT 2049 y; %d;wpy; xUtH 65 k; mjw;F NkYk; mjpf taJilNahuhf ,Ug;ghH. Vw;fdNt gl;n[l;by; Jz;L tpOe;J nfhz;Nl te;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; epiyapy;> KjpNahHfSf;fhd ngd;rd; njhifapd; msT mjpfhpf;Fk; NghJ> ehl;bd; nghUshjhuj;ij mJ ghjpf;Fk; vd muR fUJfpwJ. [g;ghdpd; ,d;iwa gpwg;G tpfpjk; r%f ey tho;itAk;> nghUshjhuj;ijAk; ghjpf;ff; $baJ kl;Lky;y> ngz;fs; Foe;ij ngw;Wf; nfhs;tijj; jil nra;Ak; r%fk; xU caHe;j mwpthd r%fkhf ,Uf;fhJ vd;fpwhH epNfhd; nfa;]a; \pk;gd;> ,tH FINANCIAL DAILY vd;w gj;jphpf;ifapd; vbl;lH MthH. NkYk; ,e;jg; gpur;idapy; jiyapl;L ehk; mij eptHj;jp nra;atpy;iyahdhy;> [g;ghd; xU kpfg; nghpa nghUshjhug; gpd;dilitr; re;jpf;Fk; vd mikr;rH nfha;Rk;> ,jd; jPtpuj;ijr; Rl;bf; fhl;b muir vr;rhpj;Js;shH. NkYk;> [g;ghdpa r%fj;jpy; Foe;ij ngw;Wf; nfhs;tJ kl;Lky;y> jpUkzk; nra;J nfhs;tJ $l kpfr; rpf;fyhd tprakhf cs;sJ. [g;ghdpag; ngz;fspy; 20 k; mjw;F rpwpJ Fiwthd taJila ngz;fspy; ghjpg; NgH ,d;Dk; jpUkzk; nra;ahkYk;> 30 k; mjw;Fk; rw;Wf; Fiwthd taJila ngz;fspy; 20 rjtPjk; ngz;fs; jpUkzk; ,d;wp jdpikapy; tho;fpwhHfs; vd;w Gs;sp tpguf; fzf;F> [g;ghd; muir NkYk; rpf;fyhf;fp cs;sJ. (Fwpg;G : Nkw;fz;l [g;ghdpd; mtyq;fs; Vida ehLfshd gphpl;ld;> mnkhpf;fh> gpuhd;];> n[Hkdp> gpNurpy;> ,e;NjhNd\pah> (gpwg;G tpfpjk; 0 rjtPjk; ,Ug;gjhf nra;jpfs; $Wfpd;wd) M];jpNuypah> rpq;fg;G+H> rPdh kw;Wk; Vida Inuhg;gpa ehLfspd; epiyAk;> [g;ghdpd; epiyia xj;jpUf;fpd;wJ).
10. epthuzj;jpw;Fg; gpd; Ntjid xU jtwhd nfhs;ifjapdhYk;> khWgl;Lg; nghd rPHFiye;J Nghd r%f mikg;gpdhYk; Vw;gl;l jhf;fj;jpd; tpisT ,t;tsT tNahjpfHfis> ,e;j ehLfspy; Vw;gLj;jp cs;sJ. mNj Neuk; ,isQHfspd; rjtPjk; Fiwe;J nfhz;Nl te;J nfhz;bUg;gjhy;> Jbg;ghd nray;fSf;Fk;> mwpQHfSf;Fk;> tpQ;QhdpfSf;Fk; ,e;j ehLfspy; Vfg;gl;l gQ;rk; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. vdNt> jhd; ,e;j ehlfs; kw;w tsUk;> ,uz;lhk; cyf ehLfspd; mwpQH ngUkf;fSf;F mjpf Cjpaj;ijf; fhl;b> mtHfspd; FbNaw;wj;jpw;F gl;Lf; fk;gsk; tphpj;J tuNtw;fpwJ. mjhtJ> rl;lg;gb FbNaWNthH kw;Wk; jpUl;Lj;jdkhf FbNaWNthH fdprkhd msT ,Ue;Jk;> ,it Nghjhky;.. mnkhpf;fh tUlj;jpw;F 55 Mapuk; ntspehl;ltHfis Fyf;fy; Kiwapy; NjHe;njLj;J> ntspehl;L kf;fisj; NjHe;njLj;Jf; FbakHj;jpf; nfhs;fpwJ. ,g;gb NjHe;njLf;fg;gl;l ,tHfSf;F gpui[fSf;F epfuhd jFjpia (GREEN CARD) toq;FfpwJ. ,jpy; fdlh ehlhdJ> Fwpg;ghf mwpQHfs;> gbj;j gl;lhjhhpfs;> tpahghhpfs; Nghd;wtHfs; Fwpg;gpl;l msT njhiffis fdlh tq;fpapy; KjyPL nra;J tpl;L> fdlhtpy; jq;fp njhopy; nra;aTk; Ntiy tha;g;Gg; ngwTk; mDkjpf;fpwJ. jd; ehl;L kf;fspd; rjtpfpjk; rkepiy ngw;wpUg;gpd;> ,j;jifa ehLfs; Vd; ntspehl;ltiu mjpYk; Fwpg;ghf gbj;j mwpQH ngUkf;fspd; FbNaw;wj;ij mJ ehl Ntz;Lk;. Vnddpy;> mtHfspd; gioa fzf;nfLg;Gk;> Mz;lhz;L fhykhf mtHfs; filgpbj;J tUk; FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;L KiwfspdhYk;> Foe;ijfspd; gpwg;igf; Fiwj;J> mjd; %yk; ey;y xOf;fKs;s> fy;tpahsHfspd; vz;zpf;ifiaAk; Fiwj;J tUtJk;> mjD}Nl tajhdtHfspd; vz;zpf;if mjpfhpj;jJk;> Mf.. ,e;j ehLfspy; mwpthspfSf;Fg; gQ;rk; Vw;gl;ljd; fhuzkhf> ,e;j Nkiy ehLfs;> ,uz;lhk; cyf ehLfspd; mwpthspfisf; FbakHj;jpd; nfhs;tjd; %yk;> jk; ehl;il r%f kw;Wk; nghUshjhu tPo;r;rpapypUe;J fhg;ghw;wp tUtij ehk; ,d;Wk; fz;L tUfpd;Nwhk;. ,ijNah jhk;]d; vd;gtH> ,J gw;wp jkJ Mo;ej Muha;r;rpapd; Kbtpy;> ,e;j tajhdtHfspd; taJ caHe;jpUg;gJk;> mtHfspd; vz;zpf;if ,jdhy; mjpfhpj;jpUg;gJk; ehk; Fwpg;gpl;L Nehf;f Ntz;ba mk;rq;fshFk;. Vnddpy;> xU xOq;fw;w rkepiyaw;w khWghl;bdhy;> ,wg;G tpfpjKk;> gpwg;G tpfpjKk; khWgl;L> ,isQHfspd; vz;zpf;ifiaf; Fiwj;Jk;> tajhdtHfspd; vz;zpf;ifia mjpfhpj;Jk; ,Ug;gJ> nghUshjhuj;ijg; ghjpf;ff; $baJ. tajhdtHfsplk; ve;j tpj nghUsPl;liyNah> ciog;igNah vjpHghHf;f KbahJ. nghUshjhuk; <l;Ltjpy; mtHfshy; Fiwe;j msNt <Lgl ,aYk;. ,jd; %yk; ghjpf;fg;gl;l Nkiy ehLfs;> gpw ehl;L kf;fis jd; ehl;by; FbakHj;jpajd; tpisT vt;thW ,Uf;fpd;wnjdpy;> mnkhpf;fh Nghd;w me;epa ehl;by; thOk; A+jHfs;> Kf;fpakhf gjtpfs; Nghd;wtw;wpy; jkJ ,ilj;ijj; jf;f itj;Jf; nfhz;L> nkhj;j kf;fs;njhifapy; mw;g rjtPjNk ,Ue;J nfhz;L> me;j ehl;bd; Ml;rp mjpfhuj;jpy;> jiyikg; gjtpapy; ,y;iy vdpDk; mtHfsJ nrhy;Yf;F MLfpd;w> gzpa itf;fpd;w epiyikia cUthf;f Kbfpd;wJ. murpaypYk; jq;fsJ nry;thf;if jf;f itj;Jf; nfhs;s Kbfpd;wJ. NkYk;> FbNaWk; kf;fspd; fyhr;rhuk;> kjk; Nghd;wit nrhe;j ehl;L kf;fspd; fyhr;rhuq;fNshL NtWgLtjhy;> FbNaWk; ntspehl;ltHfs;> nrhe;j ehl;L kf;fshy; mjpfkhd jhf;Fjy;fSf;Fk;> FbNaWgtHfis vjpHj;J mtHfis ehl;il tpl;Nl ntspNaw;wf; NfhhpAk; NghuhLk; epiyAk; cUthfp tUfpwJ. ,jd; %yk; Nkiy ehLfspy; murpay; Nghd;wtw;wpy; ];jpuj;jd;ikia Fiyf;Fk; epiyAk; cUthfp cs;sJ. Fwpg;ghf ,e;j vjpHg;G ,d mbg;gilapYk;> Nkhjy;fis cUthf;fp tUfpwJ. cjhuzkhf> rkPgj;jpy; gpuhd;]; ehl;L kf;fs; ntspehl;ltHfis ntspNaw;wf; Nfhhp elj;jpa Nghul;lj;ijf; $wyhk;. mLj;J> mnkhpf;fh> n[Hkdp> M];jpNuypah> gphpl;ld; Mfpa ehLfspy; ntspehl;ltHfSf;F vjpuhf elf;Fk; Nghuhl;lq;fSk;> jhf;Fjy;fSk; vij czHj;Jfpd;wnjd;why;> FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;bd; %yKk; mJ rhHe;j rhjdq;fisg; gad;gLj;jpajd; %yKk;> tpise;j r%fk; rkepiyia eptHj;jp nra;Ak; nghUl;L ntspehl;ltHfis FbakHj;jpajd; tpisthf Vw;gl;l cs;ehl;Lf; Fog;gk; vdyhk;. ,Wjpahf> Vd; ,e;j NkiyehLfs; ,t;tsT nghpa mtyepiyia Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;ld vd;gij Muha;e;jhy;> kpf Kf;fpakhd ehd;F fhuzq;fs; ekf;Fj; njspthFk;.
Nghd;w Kf;fpa fhuzq;fshFk;. cjhuzkhf> taJ tuk;G caHe;jpUg;gjw;F ekJ ,e;jpahit vLj;Jf; nfhz;lhy;> 1950 y; rhuhrhp xU ,e;jpadpd; MAl; fhyk; Mz; 32.4 MfTk;> ngz; 31.7 MfTk; ,Ue;jJ. 1992-93 fzf;nfLg;gpd;gb> Mz; 60.4 MfTk;> ngz; 61.2 MfTk; caHe;Js;sJ. mNj Neuj;jpy; 1950 y; ,e;jpahtpd; Foe;ijg; gpwg;G tpfpjk; 39.9 (1000 NgUf;F) ,e;j tpfpjk; 1995-96 Gs;sp tpgug;gb 28.3 (1000 NgUf;F). gpwg;G tpfpjk; Fiwe;jpUg;gJk;> ,wg;G tpfpjk; Fiwe;jpUf;Fk; mNj Ntisapy;> ruhrhp ,e;jpadpd; MAl; fhyKk; $bAs;sJ. ,wg;G tpfpjk; : 1950 - y; 27.4 (1000 NgUf;F) 1995 - 96 –y; 9.0 (1000 NgUf;F) vd;w mstpy; Fiwe;Js;sJ. ,e;j khWgl;l tpfpjk; ,e;jpahtpYk; mjpf tajhdtHfis Vw;gLj;jp ,Uf;Fk; vd mwpa Kbfpd;wJ. Vnddpy; ek; ehl;bYk; ,jd; mtyq;fs; Njhd;w Muk;gpj;J tpl;ld vd;gij mjpfhpj;J tUk; KjpNahH ,y;yq;fis itj;Jk;> mjpy; ehs;NjhWk; Nfl;ghuw;W tplg;gLk; KjpNahHfspd; vz;zpf;if $b tUtJk;> ek; ehL filgpbf;Fk; FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpl;lKk;> mjd; rhjdq;fSk;> jd;Dila rPuopit rpWfr; rpWf mopit Vw;gLj;jp tUfpd;wd vd;gijAk; mwpa Kbfpd;wJ. ,wg;G tpfpjf; FiwTk;> gpwg;G tpfpjf; FiwTk;> ehl;by; tajhdtHfspd; vz;zpf;ifia mjpfg;gLj;JtNjhL> gpwg;G tpfpjf; FiwT ,isQHfspd; vz;zpf;ifia Fiwj;J tpLk; vd;gJ epjHrdkhd cz;ikahFk;.
11. Fiwe;J Nghd gpwg;G tpfpjk; - ngz; rpRf; nfhiy rpq;fg;G+H kf;fs; njhif Fiwe;J tUfpd;wJ. kf;fs; njhifiaf; fl;Lg;gLj;j muR vLj;j eltbf;ifahy; tUlj;jpw;F 46>700 Foe;ijfs; gpwf;fpd;wd. Mdhy;> 56>400 Foe;ijfshtJ gpwf;f Ntz;Lk;. (czHT - nrg; 26 - mf; 02 - 1997). rPdhtpy; ngz; Foe;ijfSf;Fg; gQ;rk; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. 50 kpy;ypad; ngz; Foe;ijfs; gw;whf;Fiwia rPdh fz;Ls;sJ. Fwpg;ghf ngz;fs; fUTw;w gpd; Foe;ij Mzh my;yJ ngz;zh vd ];Nfd; Kiw %yk; fz;lwpe;J> ngz;zhf ,Ue;jhy; fUtpNyNa mopj;J tpLk; nray; mjpfhpj;J cs;sJ. vdNt> mj;jifa ];Nfd; ghpNrhjid Kiwiaj; jil nra;a rPdh Nahrid nra;J tUfpwJ. (yz;ld; gpgprp thndhypr; nra;jp mf;NlhgH 01-1997). mjpf K];ypk;fisf; nfhz;l ehL ,e;NjhNdrpah. ,e;ehl;bd; Foe;ijg; gpwg;G tpfpjk; 0 Mfp cs;sJ. Vnddpy;> kf;fs; FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghl;il filgpbg;gjhYk;> epNuhj; kw;Wk; fUj;jil khj;jpiufis mjpfk; cgNahfpg;gjhYk;> gpwg;G tpfpjk; Rj;jkhff; Fiwe;Js;sJ. (ISLAMIC VOICE – DEC 1996. By Dr. R.S.GUPTA. MO; BALDIYA – GUJARAT). fle;j tajhdtHfspd; vz;zpf;if mjpfhpg;G> vDk; jiyg;gpy; ,il ,ilNa me;je;j ehLfspd; gpwg;G tpfpjk; Fiwe;J ,Ug;gijf; fz;Nlhk;. mjhtJ>
Foe;ijg; gpwg;G tpfpjk; : ehLfs; Mz;L tpfpjk;% mnkhpf;fh 1919 4.7 1955 2.4 1995 2.05 2025 1.61
[g;ghd; 1995 1.42 1.38
gpNurpy; 1970 5.8 2.4 ,e;jpah 1950 3.99 1995-1996 2.83 ,d;iwa epiyapy; xU FLk;gj;jpw;F ,uz;L Foe;ijfs; vd;w tpfpjj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk;> mtHfspy; ,e;j tpfpjj;jpy; eilngWk; xt;nthU jpUkzKk; mjd; %yk; ngwf; $ba Fiwe;j mstpyhd Foe;ijfspd; msTk;> kdpj ,djij rpwpJ rpwpjhf mopf;ff; $badthfj; jhd; mikAk;. 30 tUl tpfpjj;jpy; xt;nthU guk;giu flf;Fk; NghJk;> kf;fs; njhifapy; Fwpg;gpl;l msT Fiwe;J nfhz;Nl tUtij ehk; fhz;fpNwhk;. cjhuzkhf> ,uz;L Foe;ijfSf;F Nky; Ntz;lhk; vdf; Nfh\k; vOg;Gk; ehl;bd; kf;fs; njhif 1000 vdpy;> 30 tUlq;fspy; ,e;j 1000 kf;fs; njhif ngw;nwLf;Fk; kf;fs; njhif 621 Mfk;. ,J 60 Mz;Lfspy; 386 MfTk;> 150 tUlq;fspy; 92 MfTk; Fiwe;J tpLk;. cjhuzkhf ,d;iwa [g;ghdpd; gpwg;G tpfpjk; 1995 Gs;sp tpgug;gb 1.42 Mf 1000 k; NgH nfhz;l r%fkhff; fzf;fpl;lhy; 500 jk;gjpaH. ,e;j 500 jk;gjpapdH ngw;nwLf;Fk; Foe;ijfspd; vz;zpf;if 500X1.42 = 710 MFk;. ,e;j 710 k; 355 jk;gjpapduhdhy;> 355X1.42 = 504 MFk;. Mf> kf;fs; njhif gbg;gbahff; Fiwe;J> ,Wjpapy; Ra milahsk; ,y;yhj r%fkhf khwp tpLk; vd;gJ jhd; cz;ik. kf;fs; njhiff; fzf;nfLg;ghsHfSk;> nghUshjhu mwpQHfSk; kf;fs; njhif tsHr;rpapd; Gs;sp tpgjq;fis kl;Lk; itj;J> kf;fs; njhifapd; tsHr;rp epiyiaj; jPHkhdpg;gjpy;iy. khwhf> mij xl;b vof; $ba rjhf ghjfq;fisAk;> kf;fs; njhif tsHr;rp kw;Wk; tPo;r;rpiaAk; fzf;fpl;L> nkhj;j tpfpjhr;rhuj;ijf; fzf;fpLfpwhHfs;. cjhuzkhf> nkhj;j cs;gj;jpj;jpwd; vd;gJ 1 Gs;sp vdpy;> mJ epiyahd kf;fs; njhif tpfpjk;. 1 f;F Nky; 2 Gs;sp vdpy;> mJ kf;fs; njhifg; ngUf;fk;. 1 Gs;spf;Fk; FiwT vdpy; kf;fs; njhif tPo;r;rp. Mdhy; NkNy ehk; ghHj;j ehLfspd; kf;fs; njhif cw;gj;jpapy; tPo;r;rpiaj; jhd; fz;Nlhk;. mjhtJ fztd;> kidtp vd;w FLk;gk;> ,uz;L egH vdpy; 2 Gs;sp. mtHfSf;Fg; gpwf;Fk; Foe;ij ,uz;L> 2 Gs;sp. Mf nkhj;j tpfpjk; |